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Identifikasi Tugas

dokumentasi  Ruangan
 Trolley emergensi
 Catatan medik
 Label

Pimpinan resusitasi Pembagian tugas sebelum pasien datang

Sirkulasi Membabtu membawa sampel darah

Teknisi Memastikan alat berfungsi


Algoritma tata laksana kejang akut dan status epileptikus
Prehospital 0 - 10 menit
Diazepam per rektal
5 mg suppositoria untuk BB < 12 kg
10 mg suppositoria untuk BB > 12 kg
Max 2x, jarak 5 menit

-----------------------------------------

10 menit
Hospital/IGD Diazepam 0,2 - 0,5 mg/kg IV
( kecepatan maksimal 2 mg/menit, max 10 mg)
Atau
Midazolam 0,2 mg/kg IM/buccal , max 10 mg
Algoritma tata laksana kejang akut dan status epileptikus
Diazepam 0,2 - 0,5 mg/kg IV
10 menit
Hospital/IGD ( kecepatan maksimal 2 mg/menit, max 10 mg)
Atau
Midazolam 0,2 mg/kg IM/buccal , max 10 mg

Kejang
berlanjut
5-10 ‘

20 menit
Fenitoin 20 mg/kg IV
Fenobarbital 20 mg/kg/ IV dengan
Diencerkan dalam 50 ml NaCl 0,9%, selama
kecepatan 10-20 mg/ menit
20 menit (2 mg/kg/menit)
Dosis max 1000 mg
Dosisi max 1000 mg
catatan : catatan :
dapat ditambahkan Kejang Kejang dapat ditambahkan
Fenitoin 5-10 mg/kg berlanjut berlanjut Fenobarbital 5-10 mg/kg
5-10 ‘ 5-10 ‘

Fenitoin 20 mg/kg IV
Fenobarbital 20 mg/kg/ IV dengan
Diencerkan dalam 50 ml NaCl 0,9%, selama
kecepatan 10-20 mg/ menit
20 menit (2 mg/kg/menit)
Dosis max 1000 mg
Dosisi max 1000 mg
Kejang
berlanjut
5-10 ‘

-------------------------------------------------
Algoritma tata laksana kejang akut dan status epileptikus

icu ≥ 60 menit

Refrakter SE

Obat status epileptikus


Midazolam
bolus 100-200 mcg/kg IV ( max 10 mg) Propofol Pentobarbital
dilanjutkan dengan infus kontinyu 100
mcg/ kg/ jam , dapat dinaikan 50 mcg/kg bolus 1-3 mg/kg, dilanjutkan dengan bolus 5-15 mg/kg , dilanjutkan infus
setiap 15 menit infus kontinyu 2-10 mg/kg/jam kontinyu 0.5-5 mg/kg/jam

(max 2 mg/kg/jam )
Etiologi
Newborn 1-2 months infancy and
childhood
Acute Hypoxia ischemic CNS infection CNS infection
CNS infection Subdural Intracranial
Intracranial haematome Haemorrhage
Haemorrhage Anoxia Anoxia
Metabolic Electrolyte Electrolyte Electrolyte
imbalance imbalance imbalance
Malformation Neuronal migration sturge weber
Neurofibromatosis
Other Toxin cocain toxicity Febrile convulsion
drugs drugs drugs
Mechanism diseases
Repeated seizures

hypoventilation ↑ blood pressure ↓ATP ↑ADP ↑ Relesed EAA

↓PO2 ↑PCO2 Lactase ↑ glycolysis Re-uptake


↑Cerebral blood flow EAA
cardiovas collaps ↑ Brain glukosa

Haemorrhage ↑ EAA

Cerebral blood flow ↓ Brain injury


neurologi of the newborn 2004.h. 203-44
Pertimbangkan transfusi
renjatan hipovolemik cairan
pada perdarahan

kontrol perdarahan
cairan
neurogenik
Vasokontriksi
renjatan distributuf Anafilaktik

Algorithm
sepsis
sepsis

ductal
TATALAKSANA Prostaglandi E ↑
dependent
UMUN
Pneumothorax Dekompresi
renjatan obstruktif
ABC
CV tamponade Dekompresi
Glukosa
cairan
Emboli
trombolitik
Algorithm
renjatan kardiogenik aritmia
aritmia
obat imotropik
Gagal jantung
/
Catatan Kunci
Renjatan distributif ditandai dengan gangguan Perfusi,
nadi yang cepat , akral yang hangat
dan hipotermi

Target pemberian cairan resusitasi adalah


fungsi hemodinamik dan perfusi yang normal

Pemberian cairan resusitasi dihentikan


bila target telah tercapai atau bila
terdapat tanda gal jantung kngestif

tatalaksana renjatan harus disesuaikan dengan tipe


renjatan
Catatan kunci
How to perform ?
• Turn on machine (defibrillator)
• Choose energy level
• Give gel
• charge
• ensure all clear around the bed
• discharge or shock
• check rhytm after the shock

Note cardiovent
• performed IV line and sedation
• push “ synch” button
N Supra ventikular
Y Shock Present Tachycardia
? Protocol
vagal manoeuvre
vagal manoeuvre
( if no delays

Establishing
vascular
access
Y Adenosine
100 µg/kg
quicker than
obtain 2 mins
defibrillator ? Adenosine
200 µg/kg
N
Synchronous Adenosine
DC shock 1 J/kg 300 µg/kg

Synchronnous Consider:
DC shock 2 J/kg 400-500 µg/kg Adenosine
Synchronous DC shock with sedation
Amiodarone or Procainamide or
Consider other antiarrytmics
amiodarone IO
Shockable Rhythm
DC Shock 4 J/kg

ALS 2 min
VF/pulseless VT Intubate
-ERC algorithm - IV/IO access
Check monitor

DC Shock 4 J/kg

ALS 2 min

Check monitor
DC Shock 4 J/kg DC Shock 4 J/kg

Epinephrine Amiodarone
10 µg/kg IV or IO 1 2 5 mg/kg IV or IO
3
3

consider ALS 2 min


alkalizing agent

consider DC Shock 4 J/kg


4 H's + 4 T's 3-5 min 2 min
Epinephrine Check monitor
10 µg/kg IV/IO

Restoration of rythm
check central pulse
 the absence of a palpable pulse or other
signs of circulation despite the presence
on the ECG monitor of recognizable
complexes which normally produce a
pulse
 in children trauma is most often
associated with a reversible PEA →
 Severe hypovolemia
 tension pneumothorax
 pericardial tamponade
 Can be seen in hypothermic and patients
with electrolyte abnormalities
Stimulate and assess response

open airway
Cardiac Arrest
-ERC algorithm-
Look, Listen and feel

5 initial breath

sign of life ± check


< 30 seconds
pulse

Compress chest and ventilate

VT/VF Asystole/PEA
Assess rhythm
Algorithm algorithm

SVT
reversible causes

4 H's
hypoxia
Hypovolemia
Hypo/hyperkalemia
Hypothermia

4 T's
Tension pneumothorak
tamponade (cardiac)
toxins
thromboembolism

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