Professional Documents
Culture Documents
AND
OPERATIONS
By: fmb
Patrol
POLITIA.
1. Crime prevention
2. Crime investigation
3. Traffic supervision
4. Promote public safety
Police Exercise of Discretion
Discretion
is defined as the wise use of one’s judgment,
wherein personal experience and common sense
is the factor to decide in a particular situation.
may also mean the freedom to decide: the
freedom or authority to judge something or make a
decision about it.
Motive
- The moving power that induced a person to
perpetuate the crime.
Opportunity
-acts or omission by the person that enables
another person to commit the crime.
Primary Importance of Patrol
Patrol is the essence of police functions.
The actions taken by the police officers have a direct impact on citizen’s
satisfaction, and on the accomplishment of police goals and objectives.
The action of the patrol officer has far reaching consequences for the
police agency, for the citizenry, and for the quality of justice in the society.
Apprehension
2. Law Enforcement
Two broad duties of police while on patrol;
1. Provide Public Protection
a. Preventive Enforcement
- Progressive and continuous patrolling
b. Selective Enforcement
-selected area where crimes are likely to occur…
2. Render Social Services
a. information services
b. police escort
c. assisting other agencies
d. serving court notices (warrants)
Two Organizational units:
(FUNTE)
Functional Units: (BDSU)
Bureau
Division
Section
Units
Territorial Units: PRBSD
Post
Route
Beat
Sector
District
Principles that enable goals of
organizing the patrol affairs are
achieved:
1. Simplicity
2. Organizing by Function
3. Chain of Command
4. Span of Control
5. Unity of Command
Simplicity- an organizational plan should be
simple enough to be clearly understood by all
concerned yet detailed enough to provide clear
lines of authority and responsibility.
Organizing by function-
Chain of command
the chain of superiors ranging from the
ultimate authority to the lowest ranks.
Span of control
pertains to the maximum number of
employees an immediate supervisor can
effectively manage.
Unity of command
employee receiving orders from only one
supervisor
Police Personnel Distribution:
Police Activity Percentage
Crime Prevention
Criminal Apprehension
Law Enforcement
Order Maintenance
Traffic Enforcement
Public Services
Variables that influence the kind
of patrol chosen:
Area to be patrolled
Man-made and natural barriers
Number of men to patrol the areas
Factors to be considered in determining the
number of men to be deployed:
Bicycles
Marine Patrol
Air Patrol
Horse Patrol
Automobile
Motorcycles
Foot
Automobile:
Mobility
More economical compare to foot patrol
More effective in pursuit of offenders
Reduce Police response crime
Allow transportation of prisoners
Protection from the element
Use as barricade during roadblock
Provide an element of surprise
Do’s in Automobile Patrol
Administrative Aspect
Maneuverability
Parade
Disadvantages:
Danger involved
1. fixed-wing patrol
2. helicopter
Advantages of Fixed-wing
Aircraft:
1. Patrolling long stretches of highways.
Disadvantage:
High maintenance cost
Advantages:
Use for search and rescue (drowning cases)
Anti-smuggling operation
General surveillance
General enforcement of maritime regulations
BICYCLES
Disadvantage:
Limited capacity in carrying equipment
Leave the patrol officer extremely vulnerable
Advantages:
Mobility and stealth
It is economical
Used by plainclothesmen for surveillance
Use in crowded areas
Effective in combating theft, vandalism in parks,
shopping malls, etc.
Covered areas not accessible by patrol cars or are
too wide for foot patrol.
HORSE patrol
-This method of patrol is decreasing in the US but
is still used in some large cities for crowd and traffic
control.
Disadvantages
Maintenance cost
Not good in chasing
Can be used in steep and rough terrain Parade
and crowd patrol
Advantages:
Valuable in search-and rescue efforts in rural
and wilderness areas.
EGYPTIANS
Breeds of dogs best suited for
Police Works (GLABS-BRAND)
German Shepherd
Labrador Retrievers
Alaskan Malamutes
Bloodhounds
Schnauzers
Bouviers
Rottweilers
Airdale terriers
Newfoundlands
Doberman Pinchers
Uses of K9 (SPD-CBP)
2. Expensive
3. Territorial
Foot Patrol
-restricted to small areas;
- used to deal with special situations while
maintaining radio contact with officers in patrol
cars.
-most expensive type of patrol
-vintage type of patrol
1. Fixed
-traffic, surveillance, parades and special events
2. Moving
- Business or shopping centers & high crime area
Don’ts in Foot Patrol:
Act. 185
When was traditional Foot patrol initiated in
the Philippines?
August 7, 19o1
Considered as the First Organized Foot
Patrol?
Suppression
-deals with apprehension, investigation, trial,
correction and punishment of criminal.
› Patrol officer performs certain, specific,
predetermined preventive functions on a planned and
systematic basis.
› As the name implies, are targeted or directed toward
specific persons, places, or events.
› TOP consist of either Location-oriented, Offender-
oriented, or Event-oriented patrol.
› Combines the elements of HVP, LVP, and DDP to
identify persons, places, or events which attract or
create crime problems.
A. LOCATION ORIENTED PATROL (LOP) is the
process of conducting intensified surveillance over
selected areas that have been identified through
crime analysis or through intelligence data as being
high- risk areas for the commission of selected types
of crime.
a. Routine call
-under this category, the mobile car is required
to observe all traffic laws and rules and does not
normally use its flashing lights and siren while
on its way.
b. Urgent call
-This is similar to routine call, which also
requires the responding police car to observe
all traffic rules and does not use flashing
lights and siren. However, it proceeds
directly to its destination, except for
extreme circumstances.
c. Emergency call- this category requires the
use of the use of flashing lights and
fluctuating siren. It is permissible to violate
traffic laws.
Patrol Response Priorities:
Response Time
-time the patrol officer dispatched his post
where the assignment was received and
arrival at the scene.
Second Priority Incidents
A. Felony complaints
B. Crime is no longer in progress
C. Traffic accidents that do not involve injuries
D. Assistance to another emergency services
E. Misdemeanors or public disturbance
Third Priority Incidents
A.Misdemeanor complaints
B. Minor traffic accidents and other incidents
that disrupts traffic
C. Other calls for service that are indirectly
related to law enforcement
Inter-agency coordination
Salary standardization
Housing benefits
Promotions
In-service trainings
Overseas trainings
Specialization of functions
Centralized administration
Hierarchical chain of command principle
Unquestioned obedience to authority,
and
Strict regulations of patrol operations
Organizational Features of
Team Policing
o Unity of supervision
o Low-level flexibility in decision-making
o Unified delivery of services
o Combined investigation and patrol
functions
What are the primary line units concerned
with the accomplishment of the police
operational tasks?
-patrol, investigation, traffic, vice and
juvenile patrol
What are the secondary or auxiliary units
concerned with the service tasks?
records, property custodian, jails, crime
laboratory services, transportation, and
communication.
What are the administrative or managerial
units?
personnel, intelligence, planning, budgeting,
and training in community relations.
Two Methods of Roping
Deductive
- the process of detecting and arriving at a logical
conclusion as to the identity of the suspect
through education of all attending circumstances.
Inductive
-the reverse of the latter, wherein the process of
identification of the suspect starts to the suspect
himself. The investigator will identify first the
suspect before sourcing out evidences, which
directly incriminate him.
POLICE/PUBLIC COMMUNICATION
SYSTEM FORMS AND SYSTEMS
Formal Communication
– that which occurs with in a formal organization
Informal Communication
– that which occur within the framework of the
informal organization
Verbal Communication
– consist of the use of spoken words or
verbalization to send messages to others.
Non-Verbal Communication
– refers to behaviors such as the inflection of
the voice, emphasis to given words, gestures,
behaviors, or expressions of the body that
impart information to a receiver.
Two forms of Verbal
Communication:
Sender
Message
Medium/channel
Receiver
Sender
-one who gives or sends message.
Purpose Communication:
a. To offer communication
b. To persuade someone or something
c. To get someone to take action
Message
- Any thought or idea explain in plain or coded
languages suitable for transmission by any
means of communication.
Medium or Channel
Bugging
placing hidden microphone.
Code
system of words, groups of letters or symbols
selected as substitute to other words for
security purposes.
Cryptograph
the art or science of making, devising,
inventing or protecting codes and ciphers.
Need-To-Know Basis
-access to classified matters may only be given
to those persons to whom it is necessary for the
fulfilment of their duty.
RA 4200
Anti- Wiretapping Law
Technical Surveillance
observation of places and activities with the
used of gadgets, electronic gear and special
hardware.
END…..
Thank You for
Listening!!!!
fmb