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The Circulatory System
The Circulatory System
Medical Assisting
Third Edition
Learning Outcomes
27.1 Describe the structure of the heart and the
function of each part.
Introduction
The cardiovascular system consists of heart and
blood vessels
Sends blood to
Lungs for oxygen
Digestive system for nutrients
Deoxygenated
blood out
to lungs
Body Lungs
__
F Bicuspid valve B. Covering of the heart and aorta
__
B Pericardium C. Between the right atrium and the right ventricle
__
E SA node D. In the lateral walls of ventricles
__
A Bundle of His E. Natural pacemaker
D Purkinje fibers
__ F. Between the left atrium and the left ventricle
Blood Pressure
Force blood exerts on the inner walls of blood vessels
Highest in arteries
Lowest in veins
Systolic pressure
Ventricles contract
Blood pressure is at its greatest in the arteries
Diastolic pressure
Ventricles relax
Blood pressure in arteries is at its lowest
Good Answer!
© 2009 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved
27-30
Circulation
Pulmonary circuit
right atrium right ventricle pulmonary artery
trunk pulmonary arteries lungs
pulmonary veins heart (left atrium)
Systemic circuit
left atrium left ventricle aorta arteries
arterioles capillaries venules veins
vena cava heart (right atrium)
Circulation (cont.)
Arterial system
Carry oxygen-rich blood
away from the heart
Circulation (cont.)
Venous system Hepatic portal system
Carries oxygen- Collection of veins
poor blood toward carrying blood to the
the heart liver
Except pulmonary
veins
Most large veins
have the same
names as the
arteries they are
next to Click for Larger View
Blood
A type of connective
tissue Average-sized adult has
4 to 6 liters of blood
Red blood cells
(erythrocytes) Amount depends on:
White blood cells Size of person
Blood Components
Hematocrit
The percentage of red blood
cells
Normal is about 45%
Plasma = 55%
Platelet plug
formation:
Blood Types
Types are distinguished
by antigen and
antibodies
Agglutination
Clumping of red blood
cells
Antigens on surface of
RBCs bind to
antibodies in plasma
B B A B and O
O None A and B O
Chest Pain
Cardiac Non-cardiac
Myocardial infarction Heartburn
Angina Panic attacks
Pericarditis Pleurisy
Coronary spasm Costochondritis
Pulmonary embolism
Sore muscles
Take all complaints of Broken ribs
chest pain seriously!
Bravo!
© 2009 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved
27-56
In Summary
Cardiovascular system
Transport system for body
Heart, arteries, veins, and capillaries
Blood
Transport medium
RBCs, WBCs, platelets, plasma
Medical assistant
Assists patients in understanding prevention and
treatments for cardiovascular problems
End of Chapter
Your work is to
discover your
world and then
with all your
heart give
yourself to it.
~ Buddha