SUBJECT

The part which names the person or thing we are

speaking about is called the SUBJECT of a
sentence.
e.g. I work hard

PREDICATE
The part which tells something about the subject is called the
Predicate.
e.g. I work hard
PHRASE
A group of words, which make sense, but not
complete sense, is called Phrase
Show me how to do it
The sun rises in the east

CLAUSE
A group of words which forms part of a sentence
and contains a subject, and a predicate, is called a
clause.
People who pay their debts are trusted
NOUN
Noun is a word used for a person, place, or thing like
this.
Example: Man, Mother, John, Chennai, Town, Village, City,
Table, Snake, Marble, etc.
Types of Nouns
1. Proper noun
Name of a particular person or a particular place or country
(e.g., John, Chennai, USA, Sunitha, India, etc.)

2. Common noun
A name given to a thing, person, or place. It does not refer to any
particular place or person
(e.g., Table, Marble, Village, Town, Pencil, Boy, Mother, etc.)
3. Collective noun
Name of a group of people or animals
spoken of as a hole
(e.g., Crowd, Team, People, Cattle, etc.)

4. Abstract noun
Name of a quality or action or state that we cannot
touch and feel but it can be recognized by us. Names
of the Arts of Science are also included (grammar,
music, physics)
(e.g., Quality: Kindness, honesty, wisdom
Action: Laughter, theft, judgement
State: Childhood, youth, sleep)
PRONOUN
Pronoun is a word used to replace a noun. There are seven
basic pronouns. (I, We, You, He, She, It, They). These are
also called as Personal Pronouns.

Types of Pronouns
1. Possessive Pronoun
Refers to talk about anything a person possesses or has.
Examples : Peter's book, This is my book, This book is mine
2. Demonstrative Pronoun
When we want to point at certain person or object, we use our index
finger to show it. In other words we demonstrate. Hence the name. The
demonstrative pronouns are: This, That (singular), These, Those (plural)
and Such.
Examples: This is my pen, Such is my fate, I don't like these,
That cycle is mine
(If a noun comes after a demonstrative pronoun, it would be doing the
job of an adjective)

3. Indefinite Pronoun
This is used to refer to persons or things in a general way. One, They, All,
Few, Many, and Others.
Examples: (a) One does not know what to say in a different situation,
(b) All attended the party, (c) We must do good to others, (d) I shall take
you to my house one day
4. Distributive Pronoun
Refers to persons or things taken one at a time. Each,
Either, Neither are called as distributive pronouns.
Examples: (a) Each of the shirts costs RS. 40, (b) Either of you can
go to the movie.

5. Reciprocal Pronoun
These are also called compound pronouns. They are Each
other and One another. The pair each other is used when
we talk about only two persons or things. One another is
used when we talk about more than two persons or things.
Examples: (a) Each sister quarreled with the others;
(b) One thief cheated another; (c) The thieves cheated one
another; (d) We see each other very often
 EXERCISE I
1. Separate the Subject and the Predicate of the
following sentences
(a) He has a good memory
(b) The beautiful rainbow soon faded away
(c) Sit down
(d) A barking sound shephered hears

2. Identify the phrase in the following sentences

(a) He has a chain of gold
(b) The sun rises in the east
(c) Guide me the way
(d) A fair little girl sat under a tree
3. Identify the Clause in the following sentences
(a) He has a chain which is made of gold
(b) We cannot start while it is raining
(c) I think that you have made a mistake
(d) People who pay their debts are trusted

4. Classify the nouns in the following sentences

(a) The crowd was very big
(b) Never tell a lie
(c) The class is studying grammar
(d) Solomon was famous for his wisdom
(e) A prety girl was standing near a sea shore
(f) Sita has a dog at home