FILTRATION

•Purpose:
Removal of undersize particles escaped from settling
 Impurities removed:
• Suspended solids
• Iron, Manganese
• Bacteria and other organic matter

 Observations:
• Dimensions of one tank :
• 6.25m * 8m (50sq. m.)
• No. of Filtration Tanks : 2
• Capacity of 1 tank : 300cu.m/hr
• Specifications of bed:
Depth of Sand bed: 0.75 m
Depth of Gravel bed: 0.75 m
Normal Operation:

• Distribution of water through channels

• Filtration through sand bed
• Under Water drainage system
Backwashing:
• Purpose
To clean the filter bed from clogged impurities by applying
reverse pressured flow of water.
• Backwashing Specifications:
1. Backwashing Time : 30 minutes
2. Period between consecutive B/W : 2 days
Backwashing Operation
• Indication :
Rise of water level above sand bed- 2m

• Operation:
1. Inflow is stopped
2. Injection of Pressurized air from bottom
3. Injection of Clean water from ESR through under
water drainage.
4. Removal of waste water through wash water troughs.

• Backwash operation is said to be completed when

clear water starts coming out from filter bed.
Notes

• Algal growth over the walls and channels

• Crack in one of the sand bed