Performance Evaluation

Study for HiperLan WLAN

Protocol

Omar A. Elprince
Student#220510
Agenda

 What is HIPERLAN?
 Origin of HIPERLAN
 HIPERLAN MAC
 Mechanism
 HIPERLAN Family
 Features of HiperLAN/2
 MAC Frame Structure
 Transport Channels
 The Channel Access Mechanism
 Signaling and Control
 Error Control
 Simulation Results
What is HIPERLAN?

 HIPERLAN - HIgh PErformance Radio LAN

 HIPERLAN is a new standard for Radio LANs

developed in Europe by ETSI

 HIPERLAN is an interoperability standard which

specifies a common air interface MAC and PHY

layers in OSI model
 HIPERLAN will be a family of standards
Origin of HIPERLAN

 Early wireless LANs operating in the ISM bands (900MHz

and 2.45GHz)
 Low data rate (~1Mbps) - an indirect result of the FCC
spread spectrum rules part 15.247.
 Severe interference environment - from unlike wireless LANs
and other ISM band systems.
 Lack of standards - IEEE 802.11 was initiated to satisfy this
need but it was taking time to develop.
 ETSI set up RES10 group to develop a standard that would
be equal in performance to wired LANs such as Ethernet.
HiperLAN Family
Hiperlan 1 Hiperlan2 HiperAccess HiperLink

Wireless Wireless Wireless Wireless

Description
LAN LAN and 3G Broadband Broadband
Point to Inter
multipoint
Connection
Freq. Range 5 GHz 5 GHz 5 GHz 17 GHz

PHY. Bit Rate 23.5Mbps 6~54Mbps ~25Mbps ~155Mbps

(date rate) (date rate)
HIPERLAN MAC
 Concept:
 Fully distributed MAC networks with and without infrastructure
permits multi-hop relaying via neighbors based on LBT (Listen
before talk)
 Channel Access Mechanism is based on channel sensing and a
contention resolution scheme called
EY-NPMA - Elimination Yield Non-pre-emptive Priority Multiple
Access using listen-talk contention resolution and using talk-
listen Immediate packet acknowledgment.
 It defines a priority scheme and a life time for each packet which
facilitate the control of QoS.
 In addition to routing it handles the encryption and power
conservation.
HIPERLAN MAC (Cont’d)
The Channel Access Mechanism

 The channel access cycle consists of three phases: the

prioritization phase, the contention phase and the
transmission phase.
 The aim of the prioritization phase is to allow only nodes
with the highest channel access priority frame to participate
in the next phase.
 The contention phase starts immediately after the
transmission of the prioritization burst, and it further consists
of two phases: the elimination phase and the yield phase.
 The transmission phase begins if the channel is sensed idle
during the yield listening interval.
HIPERLAN MAC (Cont’d)
Function:
prioritisation contention transmission

Talk

Station 1 data packet Listen

Talk

Station 2 Listen

Talk
stops
Station 3 Listen

Talk
stops
Station 4 Listen

stops

Time
HIPERLAN MAC (Cont’d)

Phases
Prioritization Phase
1-5 slots of 168bits (talk)
Contentions Phase
Elimination - 0-12 slots of 212bits (talk),
1 slot of 256bits (listen), prob(talk-listen) = 0.5
Yield - 0-9 slots of 168bits (listen), prob(n) = 0.1
Tx to Rx turn around time 6s
256 contenders, 3.5% collision probability
Total of 0-5152bits (0-219s) MAC header
HIPERLAN MAC (Cont’d)

Performance:

Previous simulations show that the HIPERLAN

MAC can simultaneuosly support
25 audio links @ 32kbit/s, 10ms delivery
25 audio links @ 16kbit/s, 20ms delivery
1 video link @ 2Mbit/s, 100ms delivery
Asynch file transfer @ 13.4Mbit/s
HIPERLAN MAC (Cont’d)
Operation Parameter Setting
Parameter Value
Channel Bit Rate (Mbit/sec) 23.5
CAM Priority Levels 5
Maximum number of subsequence Elimination 12
bursts
Priority of bursting in an elimination slot 0.5
Maximum number of subsequence Yield listening 14
Probability of listening in a Yield slot 0.9
HIPERLAN 1 MAC (Cont’d)
Priority is a function of lifetime and user priority
NORMALISED HIGH LOW
RESIDUAL USER USER
LIFETIME DEFINED DEFINED
PRIORITY PRIORITY
NRL < 10ms 0 1
10ms < NRL< 1 2
20ms
20ms < NRL < 2 3
40ms
40ms < NRL < 3 4
80ms
NRL > 80ms 4 4
HIPERLAN Mechanism

 MT initially requests resources (RR) to the AP, the MT

may use the RCH to send the RR msg to AP.
 If collision occurs then the MT is informed in the ACH of
the next MAC frame. The MAC uses a new back off
time.
 After the successful resource request, the MT goes into
the contention free mode- where the AP schedules the
MT for transmission.
 Scheduling is done by the centralized control in the
 AP->QoS increases
HIPERLAN MAC (Cont’d)

MAC Frame Structure:

 The basic MAC frame structure on the air
interface has a fixed duration of 2 ms and
comprises transport channels for broadcast
control, frame control, access control,
downlink (DL) and uplink (UL) data
transmission and random access.
 The MAC frame and the transport channels
form the interface between DLC and the
physical layer.
Basic MAC Frame Structure
Transport Channels

 The access feedback channel (ACH, downlink only) conveys information on

previous access attempts made in the RCH.
 The broadcast channel (BCH, downlink only) contains control information that is
sent in every MAC frame and reaches all the MTs. The BCH provides information
(not exhaustive) about transmission power levels, starting point and length of the
FCH and the RCH,
 The frame control channel (FCH, downlink only) contains an exact description of
how resources have been allocated within the current MAC frame in the DL- and
UL-phase and for the RCH.
 The C-PDUs are referred to as the short transport channel (SCH), and the U-
PDUs are referred to as the long transport channel (LCH).
 The random access channel (RCH, uplink only) is used by the MTs to request
transmission resources for the DL- and UL-phase in upcoming MAC frames, and
to convey some RLC signalling messages.
Features of HiperLAN/2

 High-Speed Transmission up to 54Mpbs

 Using the OFDM
 Connection-oriented
 Data is transmitted on a connection between the AP and the MT,
that has been established prior to transmission using the
signaling functions.
 QoS
 Each connection can be assigned a special type of QoS eg:
bandwidth, delay, BER
 To virtually support any type of service like multimedia, VoIP and
real time video
Signaling and Control

Radio Link Control (RLC ) gives a transport

service for signaling entities:
– Association Control Function (ACF)
– Radio Resource Control Function (RRC)
– DLC user Connection Control Function
(DCC)
Signaling and Control (Contd)

 Association Control Function (ACF)

 Authentication
 Association/Disassociation
 Encryption
 Radio Resource Control (RRC)
 Handover
 Dynamic Frequency Selection
 Power saving
Error Control

 Acknowledge:
 Based on Selective Repeat (SR)
 Provides reliable transmission
 Repetition
 Reliable Retransmission by repeating the DLC PDUs
 Transmitter arbitrarily retransmits the PDUs, but the receivers accepts
only in a sequential order
 Unacknowledge
 Unreliable Transmission
 Transmitter sends the PDUs in increased sequential order, and the
receiver will deliver the received ones to the Convergence Layer (CL)
Centralized/Direct Mode used by
HiperLAN/2

 AP Cell: consists of many MTs and an AP

 AP Cell has a centralized control (logical function)which
decides when the AP or the MT can access the medium
 Geographical Area:
 Outdoor: 100m- 150m
 Indoor: 30m
 AP is connected to the Backbone Network (BN)
 BN provide different services to the MT eg:Internet
 APs are interconnected through the BN, thus increasing the
coverage
 Handover mechanism helps in the mobility of the MTs.
Hiperlan Performance Simulation

DEMO
Hiperlan Performance Simulation
(Cont’d)
%Network throughput vs %load

80
%Network Throughput

70
60
50 25 users throughput
40 8 users throughput
30 2 users throughput
20
10
0
0
11

16

17

25

59

63

73

74

94

%Load
Hiperlan Performance Simulation
(Cont’d)
MAC Delay

1.2
Average MAC delay

1
0.8 delay of 2 nodes
0.6 delay of 8 nodes
0.4 delay of 25 nodes
0.2
0

49 52 52 58 72 83 89 91 93 10 0
% Load