FORCED VIBRATION

Forced Vibration

■ Forced vibration is when a time-varying disturbance (load,

displacement or velocity) is applied to a mechanical system. The
disturbance can be a periodic and steady-state input, a transient
input, or a random input. The periodic input can be a harmonic or a
non-harmonic disturbance. For linear systems, the frequency of
the steady-state vibration response resulting from the application
of a periodic, harmonic input is equal to the frequency of the
applied force or motion, with the response magnitude being
dependent on the actual mechanical system.
Damped vibration

■ When the energy of a vibrating system is gradually dissipated by

friction and other resistances, the vibrations are said to be
damped. The vibrations gradually reduce or change in frequency
or intensity or cease and the system rests in its equilibrium
position. An example of this type of vibration is the vehicular
suspension dampened by the shock absorber.
Topics
1. Forced Vibration with Coulomb Damping
2. Forced Vibration with Hysteresis Damping
3. Forced Motion with Other Types of Damping
FORCED VIBRATION WITH
COULOMB DAMPING
Forced Vibration with Coulomb Damping
■ For a single-degree-of-freedom system with Coulomb or dry-friction damping,
subjected to a harmonic force F(t) = F0 sin vt as in Fig. 3.22, the equation of motion
is given by

■ where the sign of the friction force is positive (negative) when the mass
moves from left to right (right to left).
Forced Vibration with Coulomb Damping
in a full cycle, the energy
dissipated by dry friction
damping is given by

X : amplitude of x(t)
: damping ratio

C : viscous damping coefficient

Forced Vibration with Coulomb Damping
Question
FORCED VIBRATION WITH
HYSTERESIS DAMPING
Forced Vibration with Hysteresis Damping

■ The equivalent :

■ Where denotes the damping force.

Forced Vibration with Hysteresis Damping
Forced Vibration with Hysteresis
Damping
FORCED MOTION WITH
OTHER TYPES OF
DAMPING
Forced Motion with Other Types of
Damping
The damping force is assumed to be
X : amplitude of x(t)
: static deflection
: damping ratio

C : viscous damping coefficient