Professional Documents
Culture Documents
CLASS: IX – ‘E’
We know that a closed figure formed by three intersecting lines is called a
triangle. A triangle has three sides, three angles and three vertices. For
example; in triangle ABC in the following figure, AB,BC and CA are its three
sides. ∠A, ∠B and ∠C are its three angles. A, b and C are its three vertices.
C B
Let us ∆ABC and ∆XYZ such that corresponding angles are equal and corresponding
sides are equal:-
A CORRESPONDING PARTS X
∠A=∠X
∠B=∠Y
∠C=∠Z
AB=XY
BC=YZ
Z
B C Y
AC=XZ
Now we see that sides of ∆ABC coincides with sides ∆XYZ.
A X
~ ∆XYZ
Here, ∆ABC=
Z
B C Y
A corresponds to X
B corresponds to Y
C corresponds to Z
• Two triangles are congruent if two sides and the included angle of one triangle are equal to
the two sides and the included angle of other triangle.
(ASA) Angle Side Angle Congruence rule
• Two triangles are congruent if two angles and the included side of one triangle are equal to
the two angles and the included side of other triangle.
(AAS) Angle Angle Side Congruence rule
• Two triangles are congruent if any two pairs of angle and one pair of corresponding sides are
equal.
(SSS) Side Side Side Congruence rule
• If three sides of one triangle are equal to the three sides of another triangle, then the two
triangles are congruent.
(RHS) Right Hypotenuse Side Congruence rule
• If in two right triangles the hypotenuse and one side of one triangle are
equal to the hypotenuse and one side of the other triangle, then the two
triangles are congruent.
SAS CONGRUENCE RULE
A X
B C Y Z
Now if
Side (1) AC=XY
Angle (2) ∠C=∠Z
Side (3) BC=YZ
Then ∆ABC ~
= ∆XYZ (by SAS congruence rule)
ASA CONGRUENCE RULE
A X
B C Y Z
Now if
Angle (1) ∠A=∠X
Side (2) AC=XZ
Angle (3) ∠C=∠Z
B C Y Z
Now if
Angle (1) ∠A=∠X
Angle (2) ∠C=∠Z
Side (3) BC=YZ
B C Y Z
Now if
Side (1) AB=XY
Side (2) AC=XZ
Side (3) BC=YZ
B C Y Z
Now if
Right (1) ∠B=∠Y
Hypotenuse (2) AC=XZ
Side (3) BC=YZ
10
6
Here, angle opposite to the longer side (10) is greater (i.e., 90°).
In a triangle, the side opposite to
larger angle is longer.
10
6
10
6