The unification of General

Relativity and Quantum

Mechanics
Relationship between the
four fundamental forces
Explains properties of
fundamental particles
Simplification of concepts allows deeper
understanding
Better understanding of cosmology, black
holes, and The Big Bang
Better understanding of time/space-time
• Makes gravity an integral part of the quantum
realm-graviton
• All fundamental particles are string excitations
• Can involve up to 26 dimensions
• Promising because it does away with infinities in
calculations (gets rid of the idea of infinitely small
particles)
• Supersymmetry- is there a boson for every
fermion and vice-versa
• Main goal is to quantize gravity
• Views space-time as pieces that are connected
to each other
• Supersymmetry was expected to be discovered
by now
• The large number of dimensions are have never
been detected
• It doesn’t make any precise predictions
• Gödel's Incompleteness Theorem
• Difficulty Testing Theories
• Einstein
• Stephen Hawking- Once believed that it was
inevitable now he believes it is improbable
• In the case of the whole universe, one can show
that this negative gravitational energy exactly
cancels the positive energy of the matter. So the
total energy of the universe is zero.

• One could say: "The boundary condition of the

universe is that it has no boundary." The universe
would be completely self-contained and not
affected by anything outside itself. It would be
neither created nor destroyed. It would just be.