AETIOLOGY OF MALOCCLUSION

WHAT IS MALOCCLUSION?

 A deviation from the ideal occlusion

 It is a developmental condition not a pathological one, which in most cases is caused by distortion of normal
development
 It has a multifactorial aetiology  Genetic and Environmental factors
 Clinically classifying aetiological factors:
1. Skeletal
2. Soft Tissue
3. Dental local factors
4. Habits
GENETICS

 Certain occlusal features are primarily genetic e.g. class III malocclusion with skeletal III pattern
 Skeletal features are more common in different ethnicities e.g. Somalian population have increased FMPA 40 in
comparison to Caucasians 27
 Defects in embryological development e.g. 1st arch syndrome
 Specific genetic syndromes e.g. Pierre Robin, Acromegaly
 Certain occlusal features are purely environmental e.g. anterior open bite and increased overjet due to digit
sucking
SKELETAL FACTORS IN AETIOLOGY OF MALOCCLUSION

 Abnormalities in skeletal relationships include the following:

 AP relationship
 Vertical relationship
 Transverse relationship
 This is a result of differential development of maxillae and mandible
CLASS II DIV 1
CLASS II DIV II