SPRAY WATER

ATTEMPERATOR MAIN STEAM

DRUM
HOT REHE
STEAM
ATTEMPERATOR
COLD REHEA
STEAM
FINAL PRIMARY FINAL SPRAY WATER
PRIMARY RE- RE- SUPER
SUPER HEATER HEATER HEATER
HEATER

ECONOMIZER
FEEDWATER

FURNACE
FLUE GASSES
TO
WATER WALL AIR PREHEATER
RISER

BOTTOM RING
HEADER
2. BOILER FUNDAMENTALS
2.7. BOILER SYSTEMS
In water and steam system of a boiler, water enters the economizer at the correct
pressure where it picks up heat to raise its temperature close to saturation temperature.
From economizer, the water enters the steam drum, from which it circulates through the
downcomers, outside the boiler, and through the water wall tube of furnace, and returning
to the drum. Heat transfer in the furnace is essentially by radiation fr
m the combustion gases in the furnace, and this part of the steam circuit evaporates the
water to saturated steam. Saturated steam is taken from the drum and superheated to
design steam outlet temperature by being passed through a number of stages of
superheater tube banks. In order to control the superheater steam outlet temperature,
water is injected into the steam circuit before the final superheater tube bank
(desuperheater spray flow).
The superheated steam is fed to the steam turbine where it is expanded through
the HP turbine, then taken back to the boiler for reheating for its original temperature prior
to entering the LP turbine.

PROCESS DIAGRAM