NETWORK SWITCHING

SWITCHING

• A process to forward packets coming from one port to a port leading

towards the destination.
• Ingress – when a data comes on a port.
• Egress – when data leaves or goes out a port.
 Network Switching Methods

• Connectionless – the data is forward on behalf of forwarding tables. No

previous handshaking is required and acknowledgements are optional.

• Connection Oriented – before switching data to be forwarded to destination,

there is a need to pre-establish circuit along the path between both endpoints.
Data is then forwarded on that circuit. After the transfer is completed, circuits
can be kept for future use or can be turned down immediately.
 Switching Techniques

• Circuit switching
• Message switching
• Packet switching
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Circuit switching
• Is a technique that directly
connects the sender and the
receiver in an unbroken path.
(e.g. telephone)
• Is a good example of a
connection – oriented
network.
• Its advantage among other techniques is that its communication channel is
dedicated. But this method would require additional equipment for each
connection, which makes it expensive than any other techniques.
 Message
Switching
This switching technique
uses a store and forward
method in transferring a
message through the
network. Each node
receives and stores the
entire message before
transmitting it to the next
node.
• Data traffic during transmission is reduced because messages can be
temporarily stored in route. But this technique is much slower than other
techniques, because it only forwards the message to the next node when
resources are available.
 Packet
Switching
• In this technique, the
message to be transmitted
is broken down to smaller
parts called packets. Each
packet are tagged with a
source and destination
address, wherein it can
take whatever route and
reassemble at the
destination.
• Unlike message switching, Packet switching is cost effective, because
switching devices do not need massive amount of secondary storage.

• If packet is lost, the sender must retransmit the data.