1

VIRTUALIZATION IN
CLOUD COMPUTING
BY:
MEGHA MISHRA
REGD NO:
7TH SEMESTER, CSE
 DIFFERENCE BETWEEN 2
VIRTUALISATION AND CLOUD COMPUTING

 Virtualization is a foundational element of

cloud computing and helps deliver on the
value of cloud computing.
 Virtualization is a software that manipulates
hardware, while cloud computing refers to a
service that results from that manipulation.
 The picture refers to the ‘Keystone-Arch’
structure. The keystone (virtualization) is the
"key" to supporting the arch (cloud
computing), because if you remove the
stone, the arch would collapse.
 Similarly, we cannot have cloud computing
without virtualisation.
 WHAT IS VIRTUALIZATION? 3

 Virtualization is the ability to run multiple

operating systems on a single physical
system and share the underlying hardware
resources.
 It is the creation of a virtual version of
hardware using software.
 It allows us to run several applications at
the same time on a single physical server by
hosting each of them inside their
own virtual machine.
 By running multiple virtual machines
simultaneously, a physical server can be
utilized efficiently.
 SERVER WITHOUT VIRTUALISATION 4

 Only one OS can run at a time within a server.

 Under utilization of resources.

 Inflexible and costly infrastructure.

 Hardware changes require manual effort and

access to the physical server.
 SERVER WITH VIRTUALISATION 5

 Can run multiple OS simultaneously.

 Each OS can have a different hardware

configuration.

 Efficient utilization of hardware resources.

 Each virtual machine is independent.

 Easy to manage and monitor virtual machines

centrally.
 HYPERVISOR 6

 Hypervisor plays an important role in the

virtualization scenario.
 A hypervisor is also known as a virtual
machine manager (VMM).
 A hypervisor is a hardware virtualization
technique that allows multiple guest
operating systems (OS) to run on a single
host system at the same time.
 The guest OS shares the hardware of the host (VMM)
computer, such that each OS appears to have
its own processor, memory and other
hardware resources.
 Examples: VMware, Xen, KVM (Kernel-
based VM)
HYPERVISOR IMPLEMENTATION APPROACHES
TYPE 1 7

 Type 1 hypervisors run directly on the system

hardware. They are often referred to as a
"native" or "bare metal" or "embedded"
hypervisors.
 They support hardware virtualization.
 Type 1 hypervisors are gaining popularity
because building the hypervisor into the
firmware is proving to be more efficient due
to low overhead.
 Type 1 hypervisors provide higher
performance, availability, and security than
Type 2 hypervisors.
 VMWare ESXi Server is an example of
Type-I hypervisors.
HYPERVISOR IMPLEMENTATION APPROACHES 8
TYPE 2

 Type 2 hypervisors run on a host operating

system.
 A type 2 hypervisor operates as an application on
top of an existing operating system, therefore
supports software virtualization.
 Type 2 hypervisors be used mainly on client
systems where efficiency is less critical or on
systems where support for a broad range of I/O
devices is important.
 Oracle Virtual Box is an example of Type 2
hypervisors.
 TYPES OF VIRTUALISATION 9

 Virtualisation is of 7 types:
1. Hardware Virtualisation
2. Network Virtualisation
3. Storage Virtualisation
4. Memory Virtualisation
5. Software Virtualisation
6. Data Virtualisation
7. Desktop Virtualisation
 HARDWARE VIRTUALISATION 10

 It is the most common type of virtualization and it provides advantages like optimum hardware
utilization and application uptime.
 The basic idea is to combine many small physical servers into one large physical server, so that the
processor can be used more effectively.
 The operating system that is running on a physical server gets converted into a well-defined OS that
runs on the virtual machine.
 Hardware virtualization is further subdivided into the following types:
 Paravirtualization is virtualization in which the guest operating system (the one being virtualized)
is aware that it is a guest and accordingly has drivers that, instead of issuing hardware commands,
simply issue commands directly to the host operating system.
 Full Virtualization is virtualization in which the guest operating system is unaware that it is in a
virtualized environment, and therefore hardware is virtualized by the host operating system so that
the guest can issue commands to what it thinks is actual hardware, but really are just simulated
hardware devices created by the host.
FULL VS PARA VIRTUALISATION 11
 NETWORK VIRTUALISATION 12

 Network virtualization (NV) is using network resources through

a logical segmentation of a single physical network.
 It also automates many network administrative tasks.
 Network virtualization is specifically useful for networks that
experience a huge, rapid, and unpredictable traffic increase.
 The intended result of network virtualization provides improved
network productivity and efficiency.
 Two categories:
1. Internal: Provide network like functionality to a single
system.
2. External: Combine many networks, or parts of networks
into a virtual unit.
 STORAGE VIRTUALISATION 13

 Storage virtualization or cloud storage is the process of grouping

the physical storage from multiple network storage devices into a
single storage device.
 This virtualization concept addresses the complexity of data and
storage management allowing easy backup, archiving and task
recovery in a less time.
 It provides various advantages as follows:
1. Improved storage management in a heterogeneous IT
environment
2. Easy updates, better availability
3. Reduced downtime
4. Better storage utilization
5. Automated management
 MEMORY VIRTUALISATION 14

 It introduces a way to decouple memory from the server to

provide a shared, distributed or networked function.
 It enhances performance by providing greater memory capacity
without any addition to the main memory.
 That’s why a portion of the disk drive serves as an extension of
the main memory. APPLICATION-LEVEL
 Implementations:
1. Application-level integration – Applications running on
connected computers directly connect to the memory pool
through an API or the file system.
2. Operating System Level Integration – The operating
system first connects to the memory pool, and makes that
pooled memory available to applications.
OPERATING SYSTEM-LEVEL
 SOFTWARE VIRTUALISATION 15

 It provides the ability to the main computer to run and

create one or more virtual environments.
 It is used to enable a complete computer system in order
to allow a guest OS to run.
 For instance letting Linux to run as a guest that is
natively running a Microsoft Windows OS (or vice versa,
running Windows as a guest on Linux).
 Types:
1. Operating system virtualization
2. Application virtualization
3. Service virtualization
 DATA VIRTUALISATION 16

 It is an approach to data management that allows an application to retrieve and manipulate

data without requiring technical details about the data, such as how it is formatted or where it
is physically located.
 Without any technical details, you can easily manipulate data and know how it is formatted
or where it is physically located.
 It decreases the data errors and workload.
 DESKTOP VIRTUALISATION 17

 It provides the work convenience and security.

 As one can access remotely, you are able to work from any location and on any PC.
 It provides a lot of flexibility for employees to work from home or on the go.
 It also protects confidential data from being lost or stolen by keeping it safe on central servers.
 ADVANTAGES OF VIRTUALIZATION 18

 The top reason many companies seek to virtualize is a reduction in hardware costs and
maintenance. What used to be housed in three physical servers is now housed in one.
Through software, the capacity of three servers is condensed into one.
 Virtualization means greater ease of administration. A virtual environment is easier to
manage, maintain and upgrade than a physical one.
 We can run multiple platforms on one server. While the great majority of companies run
Microsoft Windows Server, your operations may also require a UNIX server. You can
virtualize the UNIX server and put it onto the same hardware as the Windows server.
 It is rare to see virtual servers go down completely. When physical servers go down, they’re
completely offline. A company could potentially be paralyzed until the defective equipment
is replaced. By contrast, when a virtual server goes down, it’s generally a quick process to
reboot and get everything back up and running in about an hour.
 HOW VIRTUALIZATION AIDS IN 19
GREEN COMPUTING
 Decreased Energy Use:
 Virtualization is more environmental friendly. It
means a big reduction in power consumption.
 Reduction in Facility Requirements:
 Virtualization leads to a dramatic reduction in
physical equipment will help you ‘go green’.
 Reduction of Toxic Wastes:
 Along with a reduction in your electric bill,
virtualized servers result in a reduction of your data
center footprint, and on an enterprise level, your
carbon footprint. That also translates to lower overall
costs as well.
 REFERENCES 20

 https://www.businessnewsdaily.com/5791-virtualization-vs-cloud-
computing.html
 https://www.znetlive.com/blog/virtualization-in-cloud-computing/
 https://inbound.kelsercorp.com/blog/the-7-types-of-virtualization
 https://www.cs.purdue.edu/homes/bb/cloud/virtualization.pptx/
 https://www.itprotoday.com/virtualization/green-computing-and-
virtualization
 https://www.itfuel.com/blog/9/virtualisation-in-laymans-terms-for-
the-smaller-organisation/
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THANK YOU!