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APA Reference and Citation (1) - 2
APA Reference and Citation (1) - 2
1. Paraphrase (summary)
All
paraphrases must be cited, using the
author’s last name and year of
publication.
Example:
Studies conducted found that children begin to
use organized play and games with rules at
school-age (Berk, 2007).
Author’s last name, year of publication
If the author’s name is part of the sentence, place
only the year of publication in parentheses.
• Example:
Berk (2007) found that children begin to play organized
games with rules, once they reach school-age.
Three Authors Bradley, Ramirez, and Bradley et al. (1999) (Bradley, Ramirez, & (Bradley et al., 1999)
Soo (1999) Soo, 1999)
Four Authors Bradley, Ramirez, Soo, Bradley et al. (2006) (Bradley, Ramirez, Soo, (Bradley et al., 2006)
and Walsh (2006) & Walsh, 2006)
Five Authors Walker, Allen, Bradley, Walker et al. (2008) (Walker, Allen, Bradley, (Walker et al., 2008)
Ramiriz, and Soo Ramirez, & Soo, 2008)
(2008)
Six + Authors Wasserstein et al. Wasserstein et al. (Wasserstein et al., (Wasserstein et al.,
(2005) (2005) 2005) 2005)
Groups (abbrev.) National Institute of NIHM (2003) (National Institute of (NIMH, 2003)
Mental Health (NIMH, Mental Health [NIMH],
2003) 2003)
Groups (no abbrev.) University of Pittsburgh University of Pittsburgh (University of Pittsburgh, (University of
(2005) (2005) 2005) Pittsburgh, 2005)
Example:
Recent research has yielded similar results
(Smith, 1997, para. 6).
http://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/560/03/
When the author’s name is designated as
“Anonymous” cite in text the word
Anonymous followed by a comma and the
date.
Example:
(Anonymous, 1998)
In
the Reference list, an anonymous work is
alphabetized by the word Anonymous as the
author with the remaining publication data
When a work has no identified author, cite the title of the
reference and the year. If it is a long title, use the first few
words
• Use quotation marks around the title of an article, a chapter or a
webpage
• Italicize the title of a journal, a book, a brochure or a report.
Use the title of the article with the year in the citation when no
Examples author is named.
• Recent research reveals (“Six Sites Meet,” 2006) significantly…
Full publication title is “Six sites meet for comprehensive anti-gang
initiative conference.” Notice the title was shortened for the in text
citation because the title was long
Examples
• Recent research reveals (“Six Sites Meet,” 2006)
significantly…
• The book College Bound Seniors (2008) asserts
that…
On the Reference page, use the title in the place of
the author’s name. Place in alphabetical order.
Because there is no author listed for these sources,
use the title in place of the author’s name in
the citation and on the References page, in
alphabetical order.
The name of the publication is NOT part of the
sentence structure, so both the title and the year of
Examples publication are placed in parentheses.
• Recent research reveals (“Six Sites Meet,” 2006)
significantly…
• The book College Bound Seniors (2008) asserts
that… The name of the book is part of the sentence
structure; it is the subject of the sentence, so only
the year of publication is placed in parentheses.
References cited throughout text are listed
in alphabetical order by author’s last name
on a new page following the text.
• Hanging indentation is used for all references.
• Entire reference page is double-spaced
References Formula
Author(s) Last Name, First Initial. (Year of Publication).
Title, Publication Data.
• Author (s) last names, include ALL authors as they are listed
• Year of publication--if no date is available, write (n.d)
• Title of the book or title of the article
• Publication data = where do I locate the source material? For
example: Book publishing company information, full website
address, journal name, newspaper name, magazine name or
include issue and page numbers for journals, newspapers and
magazines
1. Journal article with DOI:
Murzynski, J., & Degelman, D. (1996). Body language
of women and judgments of vulnerability to sexual
assault. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 26,
1617-1626. doi:10.1111/j.1559-
1816.1996.tb00088.x
(Degelman, 2009)
4. Book:
Paloutzian, R. F. (1996). Invitation to the psychology of
religion (2nd ed.). Boston: Allyn and Bacon.
(Degelman, 2009)
6. Informally published Web document (no date):
Nielsen, M. E. (n.d.). Notable people in psychology of
religion. Retrieved from
http://www.psywww.com/psyrelig/psyrelpr.ht
m
(Degelman, 2009)
8. Abstract from secondary database:
Garrity, K., & Degelman, D. (1990). Effect of server
introduction on restaurant tipping. Journal of
Applied Social Psychology, 20, 168-172. Abstract
retrieved from PsycINFO database.
(Degelman, 2009)
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of
10.
Mental Disorders:
American Psychiatric Association. (2000).
Diagnostic and statistical manual of
mental disorders (4th ed., text rev.).
Washington, DC: Author.
(Degelman, 2009)
American Psychological Association (2009). The Basics of APA style
tutorial. Retreived from
http://www.apastyle.org/learn/tutorials/basics-tutorial.aspx
American Psychological Association (2010). Publication Manual of the
American Psychological Association (6th ed), Washington,
DC: Author
Berk, L. (2007). Development through the lifespan
(4th ed.). Boston: Allyn and Bacon.
Degelman, D. (2009). APA style essentials. Retrieved from
http://www.vanguard.edu/faculty/ddegelman/d
etail.aspx?doc_id=796
Purdue Online Writing Lab (2010). Retrieved from
http://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/560/03/
Schor, E. (1995). Caring for your school-age child; ages 5-12. New
York: Bantam Books.