OPTICAL ORTHOGONAL

FREQUENCY DOMAIN
MULTIPLEXING (OOFDM)
PROF K. SURENDRA NATH
 OFDM is a multi carrier transmission (MCM) technique
 Key distinction of OFDM from general MCM is the use of Orthogonality
between the sub carriers
 Due to Orthogonality of the signals, they won’t overlap and the guard
bands are not required.
 Harmonically related sub carriers
 Multiple modulated carriers are squeezed with reduced band width as
shown in the figure.
 In FDM, 10 sub carriers signals are separated
by guard bands.
 In OFDM , the peak of one peak coincides
with the trough of the other peak.
 Sub carriers are separated by 1/Ts
 Uses inverse fast Fourier transforms (IFFT) for modulation and FFT for
de modulation.
 OFDM exhibits a nearly white frequency spectrum and tolerant to signal
dispersion, thus high bit transmission is possible
 Bloch diagram of OOFDM is shown in the figure
 Data from N- input channels are modulated using quadrature
amplitude modulation (QAM) onto N equally spaced electronical
sub carriers
 Orthogonal electrical sub carriers differ by 900 phase shift even
though they have the same frequency and can be transmitted with
in the same frequency band
 The data from QAM is sent for computation of the IFFT
 Parallel to serial and D/A converters , produces a complex
superimposed electrical subcarrier wave form.
 In – phase and quadrature phase ( I-Q) modulator produces OFDM
by modulating sub carriers with RF frequency.
 A Dc component is added to recover QAM symbols at the receiver
end directly.
 OOFDM signal can be produced by using a DFB laser source to
produces a intensity modulation by using MZM modulator
 Filters are used to remove the unwanted frequencies to produce a
single side band signal to be coupled to fiber.