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Slides 1
Slides 1
1.Introduction
2.Overview about structure of the genome
3.Evolution of coffee genome
(compared to other plants, e.g. tea, cacao, etc.)
4. Summary
1. INTRODUCTION
Valuable beverage crop
Rubiaceae family,
more than 11,000 species in 660 genera
Reference: The coffee genome provides insight into the convergent evolution of caffeine
biosynthesis (France Denoeud et al.)
• Scientific name: Coffea canephora
• Nomenclature:
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Plantae – Plants
Subkingdom: Tracheobionta – Vascular plants
Phylum: Spermatophyta – Seed plants
Division: Magnoliophyta – Flowering plants
(angiosperms)
Class: Magnoliopsida – Dicotyledons
Order: Rubiales
Family: Rubiaceae – Madder family
Genus: Coffea L. – coffee
Species: Coffea canephora Pierre ex Froehner –
robusta coffee
• Outcrossing,
• Heterozygous diploid (2n = 22
Reference: United States Department of Agriculture – Natural Resources Conservation Service
http://plants.usda.gov/core/profile?symbol=COCA39
2. STRUCTURE OF GENOME
Reference: The coffee genome provides insight into the convergent evolution of caffeine
biosynthesis (France Denoeud et al.)
Defense
response
Gene families
Different
Metabolic
catalytic
process
activities
Reference: The coffee genome provides insight into the convergent evolution of caffeine
biosynthesis (France Denoeud et al.)
3. EVOLUTION OF GENOME
Plant evolved caffeine
production
independently
(an example of
convergent evolution).
Caffeine accumulates
in different parts of
plants:
In aerial parts of
coffee plant
In leaves of tea
In seeds of cacao
23 unique genes in ORTHOMCL170 gene family
Encode special methyltransferase enzymes
Ability to produce caffeine evolved at least TWICE
Reference: The coffee genome provides insight into the convergent evolution of caffeine
biosynthesis (France Denoeud et al.)
No expansion in genome BUT expansion of family
of genes
Reference: The coffee genome provides insight into the convergent evolution of caffeine
biosynthesis (France Denoeud et al.)
SUMMARY
• NO sign of a whole-genome POLYPLOIDIZATION
• Less gene-order divergence to all other rosids
• Little syntenic divergence relative to other
asteroids
• 23 unique genes produce caffeine evolved at
least TWICE
• No expansion in genome BUT expansion of
family of genes