Yosua Erland Novenio Siregar

41.16.0061
Instrumentasi 3B
School of Meteorology Climatology and
Geophysics
 Introduction
 History
 Components
 Operation
 Conclusion
 Reference
 A radiosonde is a small weather
station coupled with a radio
transmitter which is attached to
helium- or hydrogen-filled balloon
and the balloon lifts the radiosonde to
altitudes exceeding 115,000 feet.
 During the radiosonde’s ascent, it
transmits data on temperature,
pressure, and humidity to a sea-, air-,
or l and-based receiving station.
 The position of the radiosonde is
tracked through GPS, radar, or other
means, to provide data on the
strength and direction of winds aloft.
 Beginning in the late 1900s, air
soundings (measurements of
temperature, humidity, and air
pressure) were taken with
recording devices called
meteorographs, which were
attached to kites or tethered
balloons.
 The meteorographs used soot-
coated cylinders attached to
clockwork mechanisms to
record the scratchings of the
rudimentary measurement
devices. These were adequate
for recording near-surface
data,
 The first practical radiosonde
was developed by the Russian
Pavel Molchanov (also spelled
variously Moltchanov and
Moltchanoff) in 1930. The
following year, Professor
Vilho Vaisala of Finland
designed and flew a
radiosonde, and in 1936 he
established the Vaisala
Company to manufacture the
devices.
 Over the years radiosondes have
become more accurate, smaller, and
cheaper. Specialized models have spun
off. These include the dropsonde, which
is launched from an aircraft, generally
over a hurricane or other disturbance of
interest, and transmits data as it
descends under a parachute; and the
ozonesonde, which measures the
amount of ozone in the atmosphere. The
basic principle of radiosonde
operations—using a simple balloon to
carry a small weather station into the
sky and recording the signals that the
device sends back—remains unchanged
after more than 80 years
The radiosonde consists
of:
 Thermistor

 Hygristor

 Aneroid barometer

 Baroswitch

 Comutator bar

 Oscillator radio
transmitter
 Battery

 Balloon and parachute

 A rubber or latex balloon filled with
either helium or hydrogen lifts the
device up through the atmosphere.
 The maximum altitude to which the
balloon ascends is determined by the
diameter and thickness of the balloon.
 Balloon sizes can range from 100 to
3,000 g.
 As the balloon ascends through the
atmosphere, the pressure decreases,
causing the balloon to expand and
breaks
 After bursting, a small parachute on
the radiosonde's support line carries it
to Earth.
 The modern radiosonde
communicates via radio with a
computer that stores all the variables
in real time.
 Launching
Before launch, calibration of the baroswitch is
made, with appropriate adjustment. The
battery is activated. The balloon is carefully
inflated to such a size that it will provide the
proper lift. The balloon, parachute and
instrument package are attached. The radio
equipment is tuned.
Just before launch the surface weather
conditions are measured.
The balloon and instrument train is launched.
Care is taken so that the radiosonde does not
become entangled with local obstacles.
Tracking of the radiosonde is begun
immediately upon launch. Visual observations
are continued until the radar tracking has
locked on to the ascending instrument
package. The data are recorded automatically
during the flight and then processed for
transmission.
 Observation
o Meteorologists measure atmospheric conditions from the earth's
surface to an altitude of approximately 30 km above sea level
through twice daily radiosonde ascents.
o Radiosonde observations (also called RAOB) include the observed
air temperature, pressure, moisture and wind information at
various levels in the atmosphere.
o Within two hours after the radiosonde has been launched, the
RAOB data have been encoded and transmitted over a
communications network to the National Meteorological Center.
o At this center, the data can be processed for analysis on upper air
charts and for use in numerical weather prediction models, so that
all uppper stations are required to report RAOB data to the center.
 A radiosonde is a small weather station coupled with a
radio transmitter which is attached to helium- or hydrogen-
filled balloon, called variously a weather balloon or a
sounding balloon
 Radiosonde is used to transmit data on temperature,
pressure, and humidity to a sea-, air-, or land-based
receiving station, which position is tracked through GPS,
radar, or other means to provide data on the strength and
direction of winds aloft.
 Radiosonde consists of a weather balloon, battery, air
measuring devices, parachute and radio transmitter which is
flown to the air at approximately above 115.000 feet
 After its launching, radiosonde transmit data such as
temperature, pressure and humidity to the ground stations
to be processed and analyzed so the data can be used for
certain purposes.
 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radiosonde
 http://radiosondemuseum.org/what-is-a-
radiosonde/
 http://radiosondemuseum.org/photographs/
 http://www.aos.wisc.edu/~hopkins/wx-
inst/wxi-raob.htm
 Thank You
Terimakasih