EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS

Meaning :
Training capabilities
Training moral, intellectual, physical
Developing knowledge, skill of students
Durkheim :
• Education :
To learn basic rules, norms, values
To transfer knowledge to the young
To integrate individual with society
• Aims of education :
To develop personality
To maintain society
To perpetuate culture
Kinds of education :
• Formal :
Education in institutional setting
• Component :
An organisational structure
Content of education
Rules and regulations
• Informal education:
Day to day life activities
Pre- school stage- family, kinship
Language- only oral
Norms, values, through family
Organisational structure:
• Three levels of education
1) Elementary (7 years)
2) High school (3+2 years)
3) College (3 years)
4) University
Each level – 3 organs – teachers, students,
administrative staff
Modern formal education- mass education
Distance education- formal education
• Contents of educations:
Science and technology
Social sciences
Co- curricular activities
Modern education.
 Education and society:
• Sociology of education:
John locke- mental discipline
Rousseou – to train the child
frobal - complete living
John Dew- living of life
Pestalogy – harmonious development
Auguste comte – sympathy, understanding
women
Herbert spencer – to prepare individuals for life
f.Ward – means to social progress
Giddings – self confidence, self control
Sumner – integrated way of life
Sociological perspectives of education
- The theoretical perspectives
1) Socialisation of younger generation
- To socialize the young
- Ensures homogeneity
- It provides knowledge
- Development of personality
- Transmits social heritage
1)Talcott parsons
- Schools impart the basic values
- Sense of right and wrong
2) Transmits cultural heritage
- Transmits cultural heritage
- Values, norms, skills
3) Reformation of attitudes:
- Reforms false beliefs, attitudes
4) Occupational placement:
- Trains occupational skills
- Teaches technical skills
- Selection of individuals for various positions.
5)Bringing about social change:
- Instrument of social change
- Change outlook
- Brought radical changes in family
- Joint family to nuclear family
- Position of women changed
- Scs, Bcs treated equally with others
Marxian perspective of education
- Education determined by class structure
- Exploiting class promote values of its class
Functions of education in different periods:
• Vedic period
- Religious influence
- Religious learning
- Vedic knowledge confined to savarnas
- Brahmins enjoyed monopoly.
• Muslim period
- Higher education in Arabic
- Quran written in Arabic.
• British period
- To fulfil needs of British
- Not related to economic technological
development
• Modern education
- Less religious, secular, liberal
- Science and technology
- Thrown open to all casts.
• After Independence:
- Article 21- A – universal free primary
education
- Free and compulsory education to all children-
6 to 14 years
Article 45
- Directive principle for free and compulsory
education up to 14 years.