OSTEOLOGI

dr. Al-Muqsith

Anatomy Department of Medical Education Unit

Malikussaleh University
 BENTUK
• Tulang Panjang (long bone)
ex : os humerus, os femur
• Tulang pendek (short bone)
ex : ossa carpalia
• Tulang ceper/gepeng (flat bone)
ex : os parietalis
• Tulang tak teratur bentuk ( irregular bone)
ex : os coxae
• Tulang berongga
ex : os maxilla, os ethmoidale
 FUNGSI

• Memberikan bentuk tubuh

• Menunjang berat badan
• Tempat perlekatan otot
• Melindungi alat-alat tubuh yang lunak
• Pergerakan, ex : melalui persendian
• Membentuk sel-sel darah
• Depot zat-zat kimia, ex : Ca, P, Mg
 STRUKTUR
• Axial Skeleton
• Appendicular Skeleton
• Tulang pendengaran
 Axial Skeleton
1. Cranium/skull (21)
A. Neurocranium
B. Viscerocranium (splanchnocranium)
2. Columna vertebralis (5)
3. Costae (24)
4. Sternum (1)
- manubrium
- corpus
- proc. Xiphoideus / proc. ensiformis
 Appendicular Skeleton
• Extremitas Superior (64)
• Extremitas Inferior (62)

Tulang Pendengaran
• Os Malleus (martil)  (2)
• Os Incus (landasan)  (2)
• Os Stapes (sanggurdi)  (2)
 Cranium/skull
A. Neurocranium
- os frontalis (1)
- os parietalis (2)
- os occipitalis (1)
- os ethmoidalis (1)
- os sphenoidalis (1)
- os temporalis (2)
B. Viscerocranium / splanchnocranium
- os zygomaticus (2)
- os lacrimales (2)
- os nasalis (2)
- os vomer (1)
- os concha nasalis inferio (2)
- os palatinum (2)
- os maxilla (2)
- os mandibula (1)
 Columna vertebralis

• Vert. cervicales (7)

- VC I : Atlas
- VC II : Epistropheus
- VC VII : Prominens
• Vert. thoracales (12)
• Vert. Lumbales (5)
• Vert. Sacrales (5)  (1)
• Vert. coccygeus (3-4)  (1)
 Costa
• Costae verae (sejati)
 7 pasang
• Costae spuria (palsu)
 3 pasang
• Costae fluctuantes (melayang)
 2 pasang
 Extremitas Superior
• Os scapula (2)
• Os clavicula (2)
• Os humerus (2)
• Os ulna (2)
• Os radius (2)
• Os carpalia (2)
- naviculare manus / scapoid (2)
- lunatum / semilunar (2)
- triquetrum / cuneiform (2)
- pisiformis (2)
- multangulum manus / trapezium (2)
- multangulum minus / trapezoideum (2)
- capitatum / magnum (2)
- hamatum / unciform (2)
• Ossa metacarpalia (10)
• Phalanges (28)
• “ Os sessamoid “
 Extremitas Inferior
• Os coxae (2)
• Os femur (2)
• Os patella (2)
• Os tibia (2)
• Os fibula (2)
• Ossa tarsalia
- thalus (2)
- calcaneus (2)
- naviculare pedis (2)
- cuneiform I / medialis / primum (2)
- cuneiform II / intermedia / secundum (2)
- cuneiform llI / lateralis / tertium (2)
- cuboideum (2)
• Ossa metatarsalia (10)
• Phalanges (28)
• “ Os sessamoid “