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DESIGN OF CYCLONE
SEPARATOR FOR POWDERED
MILK RECOVERY IN THE
DAIRY PROCESS INDUSTRY

LUCAS , PATRICIA DANIELE SAPUNGAN

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Table of Contents
01 Introduction
02 Objective of Design
03 Rationale of Equipment
04 Operating Conditions
05 Assumptions and Constraints
06 Material of Construction
07 Innovation
08 Heuristics
09 Theoretical Calculations
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Introduction

01
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CYCLONE
SEPARATORS
simplest and least expensive devices used for
removing particulate matter from air or other gas
streams.
Basically centrifugal separators , consists of an
upper cylindrical part (barrel) and a lower
conical part (cone)

Categorized as high efficiency , conventional or

high throughput.

Classification of its types can be differentiate

through its mode of introduction of the fluid
TANGENTIAL AXIAL
ENTRY ENTRY
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MODE OF
OPERATION
Centrifugal force from the air's tangential velocity
causes the heavier dust particles to move radically
outward toward the cyclone's wall. When the
particles reach the wall, friction and gravity force
them to descend and discharge into the receiver
called hopper.

The cleaned air spirals upward and exits at the top

of the cyclone
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POWEDERED MILK PRODUCTION LINE

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Objective of the Design

The goal of the design is to suggest an equipment that can handle separating
fine milk particles from the drying air. The overflow should consist of the
exhaust air, without any milk particles. And the underflow must consist of the
fine milk particles to recycle it back to the drying chamber or the fluidized
bed. The separator must reduce milk composition in the air during and after
its processing to avoid powder loss .
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Rationale of Equipment
HIGH EFFICIENCY

LOW MAINTENANCE REQUIREMENTS

DUST COLLECTED IS CLEAN AND NOT

CONTAMINATED BY FILTER FIBERS

LOW CAPITAL COST

WITHSTAND EXTREME OPERATING

CONDITIONS
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Operating Conditions
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Operating Conditions
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Assumptions and Constraints

DRY AIR AND

CONSTANT CONSTANT NO HEAT GAIN OR
LOSS INTO SPHERICAL
COMPOSITION OF TEMPERATURE
FEED SURROUNDINGS PARTICLES
ENTERING
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Material of
Construction
Stainless Steel Type 304
invented to overcome the problem of
corrosion which is a major concern of food
and many other industries.
Capable of retaining strength and has
excellent tensile strength

Can resists vibrations and shock

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Innovation
Capacitive Humidity Sensor
HUMIDITY SENSOR
WHAT?
This measures relative humidity by placing a thin
strip of metal oxide between two electrodes. This
instrument is ideal for weather, commercial, and
industries.
HOW?
The working principle involved in this
instrument is how the metal oxide’s electrical
capacity changes with the atmosphere’s relative
humidity.
WHY?
To prevent unnecessary pipe clogging and
bacterial infection from each equipment’s corner.
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Heuristics
SHEPHERD AND LAPPLE MODEL, 2D2D ; Model
used for the design process of the equipment. The D’s in
the 2D2D designation refer to the barrel diameter of the
cyclone. The numbers preceding the D’s relate to the
length of the barrel and cone sections, respectively.

Dimensions are related to the body diameter of the

cyclone

Direct Tangential Entry of the hot dry air with its

particles

K , Constant for pressure drop , is equal to 16 for normal

tangential entry
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Theoretical Calculations
Design Criteria of Cyclone Separator
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Detailed Design Process
01 COMPUTE FOR 02 COMPUTE FOR
Cut Size
02 03
Diameter of
4
particle
removed with
Number of Effective Turn 50% efficiency

03 COMPUTE FOR 04 COMPUTE FOR

Particle
Collection
Efficiency for
each size
Overall Efficiency
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Detailed Design Process
05 COMPUTE FOR 06 COMPUTE FOR

Pressure
02 03 4
Drop

Gas Residence Time

07 COMPUTE FOR 08 COMPUTE FOR

Saltation Velocity Particle Drift Velocity

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Detailed Design Process
09 COMPUTE02FOR

02 03 4

Relative Effect of centrifugal force

10 COMPUTE
04 FOR

Power Requirement
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Detailed Design Process
COMPUTE Thickness for the cone head
11 02 FOR

02 03 4

12 COMPUTE FOR
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Thickness for the flat head

Equipment Specifications
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ISOMETRIC VIEW INTERNAL VIEW

TOP VIEW
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Conclusion and
Recommendation
Design of Cyclones Separators with proper integrated
input parameters having regard to various operating
conditions will be based on the desired overall
efficiency and pressure drop to achieve high product
efficiency and prevention from powder loss.

Moreover, the cyclones are easy to maintain and

operate with cost-effectiveness on capital and recurring
expenditure front.

RECOMMEND: Calculate for the Relative humidity of

the entering dry air (if innovation is to be considered)
 References
1] Understanding Cyclone Dust Collectors. (n.d.). Retrieved from http://blog.fluid-eng.com/2013/09/understanding-cyclone-
dust-collectors/?fbclid=IwAR1EdGABolkMsEdy0MZBAfl8ynaLTlIJXFyHVG0pPKXIJ0d1qqPmKPZGIro

[2] Cyclone Separators Information. (n.d.). Retrieved from

https://www.globalspec.com/learnmore/manufacturing_process_equipment/air_quality/cyclone_separators

[3] (n.d.). Retrieved from https://nptel.ac.in/courses/103103027/module5/lec2/2.html

[4] Introduction. (2008). Air Pollution Control Equipment Calculations, 1-7. doi:10.1002/9780470255773.ch

[5] Bashir, Kashan. (2015). Design and fabrication of cyclone separator. doi:10.13140/RG.2.2.20727.83368.

[6] Iinoya, K. (1952). On the Air flow of a Cyclone Dust Separator: (Study on a Cyclone Dust Separator, the 2nd Report).
Transactions of the Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers, 18(69), 42-48. doi:10.1299/kikai1938.18.69_42

[7] Cyclone Separator. (n.d.). A-to-Z Guide to Thermodynamics, Heat and Mass Transfer, and Fluids Engineering. doi:
10.1615/atoz.c.cyclone_separator
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