Pengendalian infeksi (WHO)

• Pencegahan dan pengendalian infeksi di Faskes (PPI)F

• Infeksi di faskes: kematian, kecacatan, peningkatan biaya
pengobatan.
• Pengenalan teknologi baru tanpa sarana petunjuk
keamanan dapat menyebabkan kejadian yg bahaya.
• Pencegahan dan pengendalian Infection memaksimalkan
outcome pasien dan menjadi bagian tanggung jawab
pemerintah untuk menyediakan fasilitas yankes yang
efektif, efisien, dan berkualitas.
• Harus dengan kerjasama dengan masyarakat dan swasta.
• Fasilitas yankes harus menerapkan kebijakan PPI didukung
oleh manajemen institusi.
 Core infection prevention and control interventions for health-care facilities at a glance
Specificintervention Target groups Equipment and supply needs * Critical process indicators for monitoring
s
ƒ lean running water Soap (mounted
C
ƒAll health-care workers ƒ roportion of staff observed performing hand
P
Hand hygiene referable)ƒSinks or basinsƒTowels Alcohol-
VisitorsƒPatients hygiene before attending patients
based solutions
Personal protective ƒAll health-care ƒGloves ƒProportion of staff observed wearing gloves when
equipment workers † ƒGowns exposure to blood or body fluids is anticipated
ƒNurses ƒGloves
Isolation ƒPhysicians ƒGowns ƒAverage time between admission and isolation for
precautions ƒNursing aids ƒMasks tuberculosis patients
ƒOther ƒEye protection
ƒNurses Physicians
ƒ ntiseptics ƒSterile gloves ƒSterile evices
A ƒ roportion of intravenous lines insert ed using
P
Aseptic technique Laboratory technicians
and instruments Sterile barrier devices aseptic technique
ƒDental surgeons
ƒNurses Nursing aids
Cleaning and ƒCleaning fluids Cleaning equipment ƒProportion of rooms appropriately disinfected after
ƒHousekeeping staff
disinfection ƒDisinfectant patients' discharge
ƒLaboratory staff
ƒSterilization staff ƒNurses
ƒAutoclaves and steam sterilizers Test ƒProportion of sterilized devices whose sterility is
Sterilization ƒLaboratory technicians ƒ
strips ƒChemicals documented with test strips
Dental surgeons
Sƒ harps boxes and other collection
ƒHealth-care workers containers ƒStorage space and container
Presence of health-care waste in the
Waste management Waste handlers for interim storage ƒFinal disposal options ƒ
surroundings of the health-care facility
Logisticians Personal protection equip
ment for waste handlers
Antibiotic use ƒProportion of prescriptions including
ƒPhysicians ƒEssential list of antibiotics
protocol an antibiotic
Immunization and
ƒAll health-care ƒHepatitis B vaccine and ƒThree-dose hepatitis B vaccine coverage among
exposure
workers † other appropriate vaccines nurses, physicians and laboratory technicians
management
Intervensi PPI:
• Contoh : proteksi nakes, protokol isolasi
penyakit infeksi spesifik (TB, SARS) dan
tindakan risiko tinggi (dialisis), penggunaan
antibiotik secara rasional, penggunaan suntik
dan infus secara tepat dan aman, penggunaan
darah dan produk darah secara aman dan
tepat, sanitasi RS