“Insect

Repellents”
Insecticides
• Agents of chemical or biological origin that
“control” insects.

• Chemical and Non-chemical Control

 Non-chemical Control
• Introduction of insect’s predators and parasites
Praying mantises and ladybug to destroy
garden pests
Trichogramma wasps to control moth larvae
Bacillus Thuringensis (Bt) against cabbage
loopers, hornworms, and other moth caterpillars.
Nuclear Polyhedrosis Virus (NPV) against
specifically Heliothis caterpillars
 Non-chemical Control
• Sterile Insect Technique- is a method of pest
control using are-wide inundated releases of sterile
insects to reduce reproduction in a field population
of the same species.
 Non-chemical Control
• Pheromones: “Sex Trap”
- chemical secreted externally by insects to attract a mate.
 Non-chemical Control
• Juvenile Hormones
- Hormones that control the rate of development of young
insects.
- Methoprene is used to against mosquitoes and fleas.
 Chemical Control: Synthetic
Insecticides
• Organochlorines
- insecticides that contain carbon, hydrogen and
chlorine.

e.g. Diphenyl aliphatics- include DDT, DDD,

dicofol, ethylan, chlorobenzillate and methoxychlor.
 Chemical Control: Synthetic
Insecticides
-Diphenyl alipahatics- they destroy the
delicate balance of sodium and potassium ions within
the axons of the neuron in a way that prevents normal
transmission of nerve impulses. This makes insect to
be paralyzed and eventually to die.
 Chemical Control: Synthetic
Insecticides
 Organophosphates
- are insecticides containing phosphorus.
- the most toxic of all pesticides.

* The OP’s work by inhibiting certain important

enzymes of the nervous system, namely
cholinesterase (ChE). This causes rapid twitching of
voluntary muscles and finally paralysis.
 Chemical Control: Synthetic
Insecticides
 Carbamates
- derivative of carbamic acid
- biodegradable in nature
 Health and Environmental Concerns
 Exposure to persistent organic pollution through
diet has been linked to breast and other types of
cancer, immune system suppression, nervous
system disorders, reproductive damage, and
disruption of hormonal systems.
 Parkinson’s disease has been linked to pesticide
exposure.
 Biological Magnification
 Health and Environmental Concerns
 Pollutes the soil, the ground water, and the
atmosphere, by giving-off chemicals called volatile
organic compounds which can react with other
chemicals and form pollutant called “tropospheric
ozone.”
Application:
Make a poster-slogan about the different health and
environmental concerns in using synthetic
insecticides and the possible ways to solve these.
Put it on a 1/8 illustration board . It will be graded
with its content, creativity, originality and polish.
Assignment:
Answer the following questions: (one-whole sheet
of paper)
1. What is Integrated Pest Management (IPM)?
2. How is it done?
3. What are its advantages and disadvantages?
References:
Insecticides. Retrieved on 24 January 2016 from
www.cpa.gov/caddis/ssv_ins_int.html

Introduction to Insecticides (4th Edition). Retrieved on 24

January 2016 from ipmworld.umn.edu/ware-intro-insectcides

J.W. Hill and D.K. Kolb (2007). The war against pests.
Chemistry for Changing Times, 11th Edition (pp. 490-496).
Pearson Education, Inc.