NECK MUSCLES

 The muscles of the head and neck perform

movements such as chewing and swallowing,
facial expressions, speech and even movement
of the eyes. These tasks require strong and
forceful movements whilst also requiring some
of the fastest, finest, and most delicate
adjustments in the entire human body.
 The muscles of the face are one of the most
unique among the groups of muscles in the
body. While most muscles connect to and move
only bones, facial muscles mostly connect
bones to skin.
MUSCLES OF THE NECK
 Sternocleidomastoid Muscle
 Scalene Muscle
 Platysma Muscle
 Digastric Muscle
 Omohyoid Muscle
 Sternohyoid Muscle
 Sternothyroid Muscle
 Mylohyoid Muscle
 Stylohyoid Muscle
 Geniohyoid Muscle
 Thyrohyoid Muscle
 Superficial Neck Suprahyoid Muscles Infrahyoid Muscles
Scalene Muscles
Muscles - Digastric -Omohyoid
- Anterior Scalene
- Platysma - Mylohyoid - Sternohyoid
- Middle Scalene
- - Stylohyoid - Sternothyroid
- Posterior Scalene
Sternocleidomastoid -Geniohyoid - Thyrohyoid

NECK MUSCLE GROUPS

STERNOCLEIDOMASTOID
STERNOCLEIDOMASTOID

 The largest neck muscle and is often classified

with the lateral cervical muscle
 Rises from two different points of origin
 Isresponsible for the movements of the cervical
vertebral column and the head
 Isinnervated by the Acessory Nerve (X1) and
branches from the anterior divisions of the
cervical nerve (C02, C03)
SCALENE MUSCLE
 SCALENUS MUSCLE
 Areclassified in the lateral vertebral
position
 Made out of three groups ;
- Anterior
- Medius (Middle)
- Posterior
 Areinnervated by the anterior
division of the lower cervical nerves
(C03 – C08)
THE SCALENE AND
STERNOCLEIDOMASTOID
WORK TOGETHER IN
SOME MUSCLE ACTIONS,
WHICH ARE CALLED

- LATERAL NECK FLEXION

- CONTRALATERAL HEAD
ROTATION
PLATYSMA MUSCLE
PLATYSMA MUSCLE

 A wide type of muscle rising from the

pectoral and deltoid muscles, over the
clavicle, and continuing upwards being
slightly slanted, along the neck
 Pulls the mouth in a downward and
sideway motion, partially opening the
mouth as well as giving the
face expressions such as surprise or
fright
 Platysma will widen the diameter of the
neck when all the fibers are maximised
DIGASTRIC MUSCLE
 DIGASTRIC MUSCLE

 Each side of the jaw has this muscle, connecting it through

the hyoid to the lower part of the skull
 Has separate muscle bellies
- Anterior belly, which runs from the jaw to the tendon
- Posterior belly, which connects the intermediate tendon to the
temporal bone of the skull
 Is separated by intermediate rounded tendon, running through
the hyoid bone
 This arrangement allows the jaw for pulley actions, as well as
other complicated actions, such as chewing, speaking &
breathing
OMOHYOID MUSCLE
 Goes from breastbone, to the thyroid
cartilage
 Starts in the manubrium sterni, and inserts
into the lamina, of thyroid cartilage, which is
located behind the hyoid
 Works to depress the larynx, and creates
sound
 Shorter & wider than the sternohyoid muscle
 Lies underneath the sternohyoid muscle
 Nerves travel from upper cervical through
the cervical Ansa, and supply the
sternothyroid muscle
 Starts from the upper part of the scapula, also occasionally from the superior
transverse scapular ligament in which it crosses the scapular notch, to the
point that it's extent of the attachment to the scapula vary from only just a few
millimeters to 2.5 cm
 Has two separate bellies :
 - Superior belly
= flat, narrow fasciculus, which inclines upwards and forwards across the
lower part of the neck
= bounded to the clavicle by a fibrous expansion, then passes behind the
sternocleidomastoid, and thus becomes tendinous, as well as changing its
direction, forming an angle
 - Inferior belly
= divides posterior angle of the neck into an upper occipital triangle and a
lower or subclavian triangle
STERNOHYOID MUSCLE
 Thin, narrow muscle attaching the hyoid bone to the sternum
 Serves to depress the hyoid bone
 Innervated by Ansa Cervicalis
 Comes from the posterior border of the medial end of the clavicle, the
posterior sternoclavicular ligament, as well as the upper and posterior part
of the manubrium sterni
 Passesupwards and forwards, and inserted by miniscule tendon fibers into
the lower part of the hyoid bone
STERNOTHYROID MUSCLE
 Belongs to the infrahyoid muscle group
 Originates from the manubrium of the sternum
 Inserts into the thyroid cartilage of the larynx
 Depresses the thyroid cartilage
STERNOTHYROID
 Innervated by the anterior rami of the 1st to 3rd
cervical spinal nerve (C1-C3) via the Ansa cervicalis
MUSCLE
of the cervical plexus
MYLOHYOID MUSCLE
 Is flat, triangular, and situated superiorly to the anterior belly of the digastric muscle
 Belongs to the suprahyoid muscle group
 Originates from the mylohyoid line on the internal surface of the mandible
 Extends from the mandible to the hyoid bone
 Moves the hyoid bone, as well as participates in forming the oral diaphragm
 Inserts onto the body of the hyoid bone
 Causes contractions to draw the hyoid forward & upward
 Innervated by the mylohyoid nerve, (inferior alveola nerve) a branch mandibular
division of the trigeminal nerve, and give motor supply to the mylohyoid muscle
STYLOHYOID MUSCLE
 Isa type of neck muscle that stretches between the base of the
skull and the hyoid bone, thus, making it belong within the
Suprahyoid Muscles group.
 Theorigin style of this muscle is the styloid process of the temporal
bone
 Inserts on the lesser horn of the hyoid bone
 Pulls the hyoid bone backwards and upwards, I.e. swallowing
 Innervation of this muscle is provided by the stylohyoid branch of
the facial nerve
GENIOHYOID MUSCLE
 Narrow muscle
 Situated superior
to the medial border of the
mylohyoid muscle
 Beginsfrom the mental spine, on the back of the
mandibular symphysis and goes downward and
backward to be inserted to the body of the hyoid
bone
 Supplied by branches of the lingual artery
 Innervated by the fibers from the first cervical
nerve
 Brings the hyoid bone upwards and
forward, diluting the upper airway, assisting in
respiration
THYROHYOID MUSCLE
FRONT VIEW SIDE VIEW
 Located in the neck region between the thyroid cartilage and the hyoid bone that
depresses the hyoid bone
 Belongs to the infrahyoid muscle group
 Originated from the oblique line of the thyroid cartilage
 Inserts onto the greater horn of the hyoid bone
 When contracts, pulls the hyoid bone downward, thus bringing the hyoid bone
and the thyroid cartilage closer
 Innervated by the first cervical spine nerve (C1), which joins the hypoglossal
nerve for a short distance
 https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/neuroscience/omohyoid-muscle
 https://www.innerbody.com/anatomy/muscular/head-neck
 http://cdn2.hubspot.net/hubfs/189659/Neck_Muscles_041715.pdf?__hssc=194883122.4.149
3483777452&__hstc=194883122.dc21077a1348929a29b9cc32ac231b49.1490550586156.149
3471739666.1493483777452.7&__hsfp=4162655610&hsCtaTracking=2f0f0763-a68e-4bd0-
98fd-579be71e789f%7Cd414cce2-4fee-4b83-ad9b-036d31504bed
 https://www.innerbody.com/anatomy/muscular/head-neck
 https://www.anatomynext.com/sternothyroid/

REFERENCES