6 Components of Scientific

Investigation:

1.Statement of the research

problem.

2.Formulation of Hypothesis.
3. Testing of hypothesis and gathering
data.
At this point, you are ready to test your
hypothesis by conducting an
experiment.

An experiment is a set of
manipulations or specific observations
of nature, and it is considered the most
important part of the scientific method.
Three Types of experiment:
1. Controlled Experiment

- generally compares the results

obtained from an experimental
sample against the control sample.
The observer tests the hypothesis by
looking for changes brought by
alteration to a variable.
 A variable is a characteristic, number,
quantity that increases or decreases
over time or takes different values in
different situations. It is anything that
you can change or control in an
experiment.
Three kinds of variables:
a. Controlled Variables
These are the variables that kept constant.
They do not receive any treatment.
b. Independent Variables
These are the factors that you
change or alter during the
experiment. It causes a corresponding
effect in other variables.
c. Dependent Variables

These are the variables that you

observe, and they are considered the
response to an independent variable.
2. Natural Experiments
It is also known as quasi-
experiments. It refers to those
that rely solely on observations of
variables of the system under
study. The observer does not
manipulate any variable but simply
collects all the possible data to
determine the factors affecting a
particular phenomenon.
3. Field Experiment

It is named to draw to draw a

contrast with laboratory
experiments. It examines the
real world using scientific
method, and it is often used in
social sciences such as political
sciences, economics, and
psychology.
In your activity notebook, copy and
answer the following:

1. Differentiate the three

types of experiments.
2. Write down the kinds of
variables.