"Study of Bioretention Basin For Sustainable Environment": A Presentation On

A Presentation
on
“STUDY OF BIORETenTION BASIN FOR

SUSTAINABLE ENVIRONMENT”
1
PRESENTATION CONTENTS
 Introduction to Bioretention Basin
 Literature Survey
 Objective
 Scope of Work
 Problem Statement
 Methodology
 Design Construction
 Result
 Conclusion
 Suggestion
Dr. D. Y. Patil Educational Federation’s
2
Dr. D.Y. Patil College of Engineering & Innovation, Pune
WHAT IS A BIORETENTION BASIN…???
Source- California Storm Water Association

Handbook
3
WHAT IS A BIORETENTION
BASIN…??? Cont’d
• Bio Retention Basin is a soil based filtration device that
removes pollutants of stormwater through physical, biological
and chemical process.
• Sequence of layers
1- Top Layer –Grass Buffer Strip
2- Ponding Area
3- Mulch
4- Planting Soil
5 -Filter Media
6- Gravel
Dr. D. Y. Patil Educational Federation’s Dr.

D.Y. Patil College of Engineering & 4
Innovation
LITERATURE SURVEY
• Rasha F. Elgazzar and Rania F. El-Gazzar , ‘Smart Cities,

Sustainable Cities, or Both? A Critical Review and Synthesis of
Success and Failure Factors,6th International Conference on
Smart Cities and Green ICT Systems -SMARTGREENS 2017, pages
250-257
• Review : It is possible to utilize the stormwater as a resource
provide potable water.
• The Shear Lag Effect was more dominant
at the top of the Structure.

5
LITERATURE SURVEY
• Tony H F Wong, ‘Water Sensitive Urban Design – the Journey
Thus Far‘, Australian Journal of Water Resources, August
2007
• Review : Swales, bio-retention systems and
constructed wetlands can be used for the
treatment of stormwater

6
LITERATURE SURVEY
• Queensland Development Council, ‘Bioretention Basins’,
WSUD Technical Design Guidelines for the Coastal Dry
Tropics, June 2009
Review – Cost required for Bio retention basin is much less
than cost required for traditional storm water collection
system
A residential project in California was able to construct a
Bioretention basin for $100,000 whereas the cost of
traditional stormwater system was $400,000.

Innovation
LITERATURE SURVEY
 Rasha F. Elgazzar and Rania F. El-Gazzar

Review- studied the concept of sustainable
development and smart cities in their paper titled
‘Smart Cities, Sustainable Cities.
 In this paper, the authors have made an attempt
to understand concepts such as smart,
sustainable development, and sustainability. As
per the authors, it is speculated that 70% of the
world’s population will live in cities by 2050.
 To achieve sustainability, cities need to
implement smart solutions enabled by smart
technology
8
LITERATURE SURVEY
 Saleh Abdullahi and Biswajit

Pradhan
Review- studied the idea of Sustainable
urban Development.
 The idea of sustainable development
emerged in the late nineteenth century
in the observation of the various critical
environmental problems caused by the
continuous growth of urban areas,
especially in rural and natural
environments.
9
PROBLEM STATEMENT
• The migration and growth of population towards cities is rising

exponentially.
• The authorities cannot provide enough water to the growing
population as the water sources are fixed and limited..
• Storm water as a resource can fulfill the demands of water
requirements.
• Storm Water contains pollutants from atmosphere and surface.
• Bio Retention basins are a technique to remove pollutants from
storm water.

10
OBJECTIVES
• To study the concept of Storm water

Management.
• To study the concept of Bioretention basins
• To identify the layers, design components,
process of construction and materials used
for a Bioretention basin.
• To identify the factors required for site
selection of a Bioretention basin..
• To study the cost required for constructing a
Bioretention Basin.
11
SCOPE OF WORK
• The project work will include the

fabrication of a representative model of a
Bio retention Basin.
• The project work will require guidelines of
a landscape architect in site selection
process.
• Studying the water quality obtained after
filt

12
METHODOLOGY
GATHERING
TOPIC OF PROBLEM
SELECTION LITERATURE STATEMENT
SURVEY
Data Collection
through
Formulating a Contractors Data Collection
case study regarding Cost & Guidance
& construction from Architect
process
RESULT

Dr. D.Y. Patil College of Engineering & Innovation, Pune 13
DESIGN PARAMETERS
• No reference guidelines in the Indian Standards are

available for Bioretention designs.
• Hence, we decided to adopt the guidelines provided
by Virginia Dept. of Transportation, USA,(VDOT).
• The Bioretention basin & Bioretention model was
designed as per the guidelines from VDOT.

DESIGN PARAMETERS
• Facility Location
• Basin Size
• Basin Depth
• Surface Ponding Depth
• Design Infiltration Rate
• Runoff Pretreatment

DESIGN PARAMETERS
• Facility Location - When the proposed bioretention facility
is to receive runoff in the form of sheet flow, the overall
grading of the site must direct all runoff to the facility
prior to its leaving the site or entering a downstream
conveyance system
• Basin Size - Bioretention Floor Area should be 4 % of

Contributing Impervious Area. The minimum size for any
bioretention facility should be 10 feet wide (perpendicular
to incoming sheet flow direction) and 15 feet long.

Innovation
DESIGN PARAMETERS
• Basin Depth - The depth of the facility’s

planting soil should be atleast 30 inches.
• Surface Ponding Depth- The depth of ponding

on the facility surface should be restricted to
no more than 6 inches to preclude the
development of anaerobic conditions within
the planting soil.
Innovation
DESIGN PARAMETERS
• Design Infiltration Rate

The design infiltration rate will depend upon the type of
soil that is available below the Bioretention basin.
• Runoff Pretreatment
The runoff Pretreatment is done by providing Grass on
the entrance way of Streamwater towards the surface
of Bioretention basin.

Innovation
Construction Process
• Step 1.The proposed site should be checked for existing utilities
prior to any excavation.
• Step 2. The designer and the installer should have a
preconstruction meeting,
• Step 3. Excavators or backhoes should work from the sides to
excavate the bioretention area to its appropriate design depth
and dimensions.
• Step 4. Excavating equipment should have scoops with adequate
reach so they do not have to sit inside the footprint of the
bioretention area.
• Step 5. Contractors should use a cell construction approach in
larger bioretention basins, whereby the basin is split into 500 to
1,000 sq. ft. temporary cells with a 10-15 foot earth bridge in
between,so that cells can be excavated from the side.
Innovation
• Step 6. It may be necessary to rip the bottom soils to a depth of
8 to 12 inches to promote greater infiltration.
• Step 7. Place geotextile fabric on the sides of the bioretention
area with a 6-inch overlap on the sides.
• Step 6.Deliver the soil media from an approved vendor, and
store it on an adjacent impervious area or plastic sheeting.
• Apply the media in 06-inch layers until the desired top elevation
of the bioretention area is achieved. Wait a few days to check
for settlement, and add additional media, as needed, to achieve
the design elevation.
• Step 7.Prepare planting holes for any trees and shrubs, install
the vegetation, and water accordingly. Install any temporary
irrigation.
Innovation
Design of Bioretention for DYPEF
Slope of Contributing Area

Station BS IS FS HI RL Remark
1 0.985 100.985 100.000 Bench Mark
A 0.995 99.990 Point at Beginning of Gate
B 1.745 99.240 Point at Canteen entrance

Innovation
Slope of Contributing Area
• Available data = Length between points A & B = 80

m .....from layout drawing
• Difference between Levels of A & B = 99.990-
99.240 = 0.75 m
• Slope = Vertical Difference ÷ Horizontal Distance =
0.75/80
• = 0.009375
• Slope = 0.9375 % < 20 %
• Therefore – OK.
Innovation
Basin Size
• Area of Bioretention Basin = 4 % of Total
contributing area
= 4 % of (80 m X 7.5 m)
= 24 Sq.m
= 4.9 m X 4.9 m

Innovation
Basin & pond Depth
• Basin Depth
The minimum required depth is 30 inches.
Hence we adopted a total depth of 36 inches
considering the depth of all constituent layers
• Ponding Depth
As per the guidelines, we have adopoted a
ponding depth of 06 inches.

Innovation
Infiltration Rate
• As per VDOT guidelines, the infiltration rate must be
less than (3.5 x 10-4 cm/sec) or needs underdrain
should be provided.
• The soil available at depth below 36 inches is Gravel
which has permeability of 10 cm/sec which is more
than the (3.5 x 10-4 cm/sec). Hence we decided to
provide underdrain pipe of 2.5 inches diameter to
pass the extra water.

Innovation
Layers of Bioretention Basin
Layer Contents of Layer Depth of Layer Position of Layer
Number
01 Gravel 20 mm 06 inches Bottom most
02 Gravel 10 mm 06 inches Between 1st & 3rd Layer
03 Thick Sand 06 inches Between 2nd & 4th Layer
04 Fine Sand – 80% 18 inches Topmost
Clay Soil – 20%
Mulch

Innovation
Layout of bioretention basin
Innovation
Model of bioretention basin

Innovation
Results
Test Value before Filtration Value after Filtration
pH 7.82 7.05
Turbidity 37 29.2
Total Solids 560 490
Total Dissolved Solids 230 130
Total Suspended Solids 330 360

D.Y. Patil College of Engineering & *
Innovation
CONCLUSION
1. The study of Bio retention will certainly begin a step for
managing and filtering storm water .
2. Even though the use of Bioretention basins is rare in India,
it is practically feasible to construct in Indian consditions.
3. The concept , if found feasible after the feasibility study,
can be implemented in the smart city areas of Pune City
(Baner and Aundh)

30
REFERENCES
• 1. Rasha F. Elgazzar and Rania F. El-Gazzar , ‘Smart Cities,
Sustainable Cities, or Both?A Critical Review and Synthesis of
Success and Failure Factors,6th International Conference on
Smart Cities and Green ICT Systems -SMARTGREENS 2017,
pages 250-257
• 2. Saleh Abdullahi and Biswajeet Pradhan,’ Sustainable Urban
Development‘,Spatial Modeling and Assessment of Urban
Form, Springer International Publishing AG 201&
• 3. Hamed Shoja and Mohsen Heidari, ‘The Role of Urban
Sustainable Development and Urban Sustainable
Management in Architecture’ , European Online Journal of
Natural and Social Sciences 2015;
www.european-science.com Vol.3.
• Dr. D. Y. Patil Educational Federation’s
31
REFERENCES
• 4.Christophe Le Jallé, Denis Désille and Gilles Burkhardt,

‘Urban stormwater management in developing Countries,
City scale strategy-Paris, France, Novatech 2013.
• 5. Joel A. Goldenfum et al, ‘Challenges for the sustainable
urban stormwater management in developing countries :
from basic education to technical and institutional issues,
City scale strategy-Paris, France, Novatech 2007.
• 6. Tony H F Wong, ‘Water Sensitive Urban Design – the
Journey Thus Far‘, Australian Journal of Water Resources,
August 2007

Innovation
REFERENCES
• 7.USDA ( United Stated Department of Agriculture),

’Bioretention cells-Green Infrastructure For Stormwater
Management , November 2014.
• 8. Queensland Development Council, ‘Bioretention Basins’,
WSUD Technical Design Guidel ines for the Coastal Dry
Tropics, June 2009
• 9. Alex J. McLemore, Jason R. Vogel, and Saleh Taghvaeian,’
Bioretention Cell Design Guidance for Oklahoma, Oklahoma
Cooperative Extension Service, June 2017
• 10. California Storm Water Quality Association, ’California
StormWater BMP Handbook, January 2003

Innovation
Innovation
Suggestions

Innovation
Queries & Questions

36

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A Presentation

“STUDY OF BIORETenTION BASIN FOR

Source- California Storm Water Association

Dr. D. Y. Patil Educational Federation’s Dr.

• Rasha F. Elgazzar and Rania F. El-Gazzar , ‘Smart Cities,

Dr. D. Y. Patil Educational Federation’s

Dr. D. Y. Patil Educational Federation’s

Dr. D. Y. Patil Educational Federation’s Dr.

 Rasha F. Elgazzar and Rania F. El-Gazzar

 Saleh Abdullahi and Biswajit

• The migration and growth of population towards cities is rising

Dr. D. Y. Patil Educational Federation’s

• To study the concept of Storm water

• The project work will include the

Dr. D. Y. Patil Educational Federation’s

Dr. D. Y. Patil Educational Federation’s

• No reference guidelines in the Indian Standards are

Dr. D. Y. Patil Educational Federation’s

Dr. D. Y. Patil Educational Federation’s

• Basin Size - Bioretention Floor Area should be 4 % of

Dr. D. Y. Patil Educational Federation’s Dr.

• Basin Depth - The depth of the facility’s

• Surface Ponding Depth- The depth of ponding

• Design Infiltration Rate

Dr. D. Y. Patil Educational Federation’s Dr.

Slope of Contributing Area

1 0.985 100.985 100.000 Bench Mark

A 0.995 99.990 Point at Beginning of Gate

B 1.745 99.240 Point at Canteen entrance

Dr. D. Y. Patil Educational Federation’s Dr.

• Available data = Length between points A & B = 80

Dr. D. Y. Patil Educational Federation’s Dr.

Dr. D. Y. Patil Educational Federation’s Dr.

Dr. D. Y. Patil Educational Federation’s Dr.

01 Gravel 20 mm 06 inches Bottom most

02 Gravel 10 mm 06 inches Between 1st & 3rd Layer

03 Thick Sand 06 inches Between 2nd & 4th Layer

04 Fine Sand – 80% 18 inches Topmost

Clay Soil – 20%

Dr. D. Y. Patil Educational Federation’s Dr.

Dr. D. Y. Patil Educational Federation’s Dr.

Total Solids 560 490

Total Dissolved Solids 230 130

Total Suspended Solids 330 360

Dr. D. Y. Patil Educational Federation’s Dr.

Dr. D. Y. Patil Educational Federation’s

• 4.Christophe Le Jallé, Denis Désille and Gilles Burkhardt,

Dr. D. Y. Patil Educational Federation’s Dr.

• 7.USDA ( United Stated Department of Agriculture),

Dr. D. Y. Patil Educational Federation’s Dr.

Dr. D. Y. Patil Educational Federation’s Dr.

Dr. D. Y. Patil Educational Federation’s

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