RA

1425:
ang Batas
Rizal
(JUNE 12, 1956)

by hanabacasno in Portrait Vectors (Vector Paintings)

Ni Roland Lorenzo M. Ruben

 REPUBLIC ACT NO. 1425
• AN ACT TO INCLUDE IN THE
CURRICULA OF ALL PUBLIC AND
PRIVATE SCHOOLS, COLLEGES
AND UNIVERSITIES COURSES ON
THE LIFE, WORKS AND WRITINGS
OF JOSE RIZAL, PARTICULARLY
HIS NOVELS NOLI ME TANGERE
AND EL FILIBUSTERISMO,
AUTHORIZING THE PRINTING AND
DISTRIBUTION THEREOF, AND FOR
OTHER PURPOSES.
• WHEREAS, today, more than any other period of our history,
there is a need for a re-dedication to the ideals of freedom
and nationalism for which our heroes lived and died;
WHEREAS, it is meet that in honoring them, particularly the
national hero and patriot, Jose Rizal, we remember with
special fondness and devotion their lives and works that
have shaped the national character;
WHEREAS, the life, works and writing of Jose Rizal,
particularly his novels Noli Me Tangere and El
Filibusterismo, are a constant and inspiring source of
patriotism with which the minds of the youth, especially
during their formative and decisive years in school, should
be suffused;
WHEREAS, all educational institutions are under the
supervision of, and subject to regulation by the State, and all
schools are enjoined to develop moral character, personal
discipline, civic conscience and to teach the duties of
citizenship; Now, therefore,
• Section 1. Courses on the life, works and writings of Jose Rizal,
particularly his novel Noli Me Tangere and El Filibusterismo, shall be
included in the curricula of all schools, colleges and universities, public
or private: Provided, That in the collegiate courses, the original or
unexpurgated editions of the Noli Me Tangere and El Filibusterismo of
their English translation shall be used as basic texts.
The Board of National Education is hereby authorized and directed to
adopt forthwith measures to implement and carry out the provisions of
this Section, including the writing and printing of appropriate primers,
readers and textbooks. The Board shall, within sixty (60) days from
the effectivity of this Act, promulgate rules and regulations, including
those of disciplinary nature, to carry out and enforce the provisions of
this Act. The Board shall promulgate rules and regulations providing
for the exemption of students for reasons of religious belief stated in a
sworn written statement, from the requirement of the provision
contained in the second part of the first paragraph of this section; but
not from taking the course provided for in the first part of said
paragraph. Said rules and regulations shall take effect thirty (30) days
after their publication in the Official Gazette.
• Section 2. It shall be obligatory on all schools,
colleges and universities to keep in their libraries an
adequate number of copies of the original and
unexpurgated editions of the Noli Me Tangere and El
Filibusterismo, as well as of Rizal's other works and
biography. The said unexpurgated editions of the Noli
Me Tangere and El Filibusterismo or their translations
in English as well as other writings of Rizal shall be
included in the list of approved books for required
reading in all public or private schools, colleges and
universities.

The Board of National Education shall determine the

adequacy of the number of books, depending upon
the enrollment of the school, college or university.
• Section 3. The Board of National
Education shall cause the translation of the
Noli Me Tangere and El Filibusterismo, as
well as other writings of Jose Rizal into
English, Tagalog and the principal
Philippine dialects; cause them to be
printed in cheap, popular editions; and
cause them to be distributed, free of
charge, to persons desiring to read them,
through the Purok organizations and Barrio
Councils throughout the country.
• Section 4. Nothing in this Act shall be construed as
amendment or repealing section nine hundred twenty-
seven of the Administrative Code, prohibiting the
discussion of religious doctrines by public school
teachers and other person engaged in any public
school.
• Section 5. The sum of three hundred thousand pesos
is hereby authorized to be appropriated out of any
fund not otherwise appropriated in the National
Treasury to carry out the purposes of this Act.

Section 6. This Act shall take effect upon its approval.

• Approved: June 12, 1956

 Pagbabalik-tanaw
• Sa bisa ng R. A. 1425 (Batas Rizal), mahigit
55 taon nang kinukuha ng mga mag-aaral sa
kolehiyo ang kursong tumatalakay sa buhay
at mga akda ni Jose Rizal.
• Mahalagang balikan ang konteksto ng
pagpapanukala at ang mga naging kaakibat
na isyu sa pagsusulong nito.
 Ang Pilipinas Matapos ang
Ikalawang Digmaang Pandaigdig
1. Nagpatuloy ang dominasyon
ng Estados Unidos sa Pilipinas
partikular na sa aspetong
pampulitika, pangmilitar at
pang ekonomiya.
2. Patuloy na pakikibaka ng mga
Pilipino para sa tunay at ganap
na pagbabagong Panlipunan
 Si Recto at ang Batas
Rizal
• Sa gitna ng mga panlipunang
suliraning ito, isang makabayang
Pilipino ang pumagitna at
naghain ng akmang solusyon.
• Itinuturing si Sen. Claro M. Recto
na mahigpit na oposisyon sa mga
polisiyang isinulong nina Pang.
Elpidio Quirino at Pang. Ramon
Magsaysay.
• Maalam sa mga akda at buhay ni Rizal,
naniniwala si Claro M. Recto na integral sa
pagmamahal sa bayan ang pag-aaral sa mga
dakilang gawa ng ating Pambansang Bayani.

“…the reading of Rizal’s novels would strengthen the Filipinism of

the youth and foster patriotism”.
- C. M. Recto

• Sa layuning ito, kanyang isinulong ang

sapilitang pag-aaral sa buhay at mga sinulat ni
Dr. Jose Rizal sa mga mag-aaral ng kolehiyo.
 “We, too, can prosper, as
other nations which have
become free and have
known how to rely on
themselves with dignity and
self-respect have prospered.
Our people deserve a better
fate, a destiny realized in
happiness and freedom…”

- Claro M. Recto
Ang Batas Rizal (R.A. 1425)
• Inihapag sa Senado ni Sen. Jose P.
Laurel ang isang panukalang batas
(Senate Bill 438) na naglalayong
pag-aralan ang buhay at mga akda ni
Jose Rizal noong Abril 17, 1956.

• Si Sen. Laurel bilang Tagapangulo

ng Senate Committee on Education
ang naghapag nito, subalit ang
orihinal na panukala ay inakda ni
Sen. Claro M. Recto.
 Senate Bill 438
Ang panukalang
• An Act to make Noli Me Tangere ito ay tumanggap
and El Filibusterismo compulsory ng maraming mga
reading matter in all public and pagbatikos mula
private colleges and universities and sa mga
for other purposes.
Katolikong
Senador.
• Ilan sa mga ito ay sina:
Sen. Decoroso Rosales
Sen. Mariano Cuenco
Sen. Francisco Rodrigo
• Ang mga pagbatikos ng mga senador na ito ang
nagbigay-daan para sa mga debate sa pagitan
ng mga laban at pumapabor dito.
• Si Claro M. Recto bilang orihinal na may-akda ng
panukala ang siyang buong-giting na
nagdepensa sa kahalagahan ng panukala para
sa mas malalim na pagkakilala sa pagiging
Pilipino at pagmamahal sa bayan.
• Maliban sa mga nabanggit na Senador, ang
Catholic Action of Manila (CAM) ang isa sa
mga pangunahing organisasyon na
naglunsad ng mga kampanya laban sa
panukala:
(1) ang kanilang opisyal na pahayagan, Sentinel ay
inilabas na araw-araw sa halip na isang beses
lamang sa isang linggo at;
(2) hinikayat ang mga Katoliko na sumulat sa mga
Senador at Kongresman na ibasura ang Batas
Rizal
 Mga Pahayag Laban sa
Panukalang Batas Rizal
• “Compulsion to read something against
one’s religious convictions was no different
from a requirement to salute the flag, which
according to the latest decision on the matter by
the US Supreme Court, was an impairment
both of freedom of speech and freedom of
religion.”

- Principal argument of Senators Rodrigo, Rosales

and Cuenco
 “A vast majority of our people are at the same
time Catholics and Filipino citizens. As such, they
have two great loves: their country and their faith.
These two loves are not conflicting loves. They
are harmonious affections, like the love of a child
for his father and for his mother.
“This is the basis of my stand. Let us not
create a conflict between nationalism and religion;
between the government and the church.”
- Senator Francisco Rodrigo
 Rizal’s novels “belong to the past” and it would be
“harmful” to read them because they presented a
“false picture” of conditions in the country at that time.
Noli Me Tangere is an “attack on the clergy” and its
object was to “put to ridicule the Catholic faith.”
The novel was not really patriotic because out of
333 pages, only 25 contained patriotic passages while
120 were devoted to anti-Catholic attack.

- Fr. Jesus Cavanna

(speaker on the symposium organized by CAM)
“Since some parts of the novels
had been declared “objectionable
matter” by the hierarchy, Catholics
had the right to refuse to read
them so as not to “endanger their
salvation.”

- Jesus Paredes
Radio commentator
 “The bill was Recto’s revenge
against the Catholic voters who,
together with Magsaysay, were
responsible for his poor showing in
the 1955 senatorial elections.”

- Narciso Pimentel Jr.

Radio commentator
 Laban sa Simbahang Katoliko
• Ang lahat ng pagbatikos sa panukalang batas na
ito ay bunga ng paniniwala ng mga Senador na
makakasira sa imahe ng Simbahan ang
pagbabasa sa mga nobela at maging sa
buhay ni Rizal.
• Sa isang pastoral letter na inilabas ng
Simbahang Katoliko, binabanggit na sa 333
pahinang edisyon ng nobela ni Rizal, 25 bahagi
lamang ang naglalaman ng makabayang
damdamin. 120 naman ay inilaan ni Rizal bilang
pang-atake sa Simbahang katoliko.
• Kasama rin sa nasabing pastoral letter
ang pagbanggit sa 170 bahagi mula sa
Noli at 50 bahagi mula sa Fili na
naglalayong sirain ang magandang
imahe ng Simbahang Katoliko.
• Sa pananalita ng isang Senador: “But I
cannot allow my son who is now 16 to
read the Noli Me Tangere and the El
Filibusterismo lest he lose his faith”.
– Sen. Rodrigo
• Hindi na lamang sa loob ng Senado ang
kontrobersiyang idinulot ng panukalang batas.

• Nakialam na rin ang Simbahang Katoliko

tungkol sa isyu.

• Binantaan ng Simbahan si Recto na ipapasara

nila ang lahat ng mga paaralang Katoliko sa
sandaling maipasa ang nasabing panukalang
batas.
 Ang Tagapagtanggol
ng Panukalang Batas
• Sa gitna ng mainit na
debateng ibinunga ng
panukalang batas,
nanatiling hindi natitinag
ang nagpanukala nito- si
Sen. Claro M. Recto.
• Sa Senado, hindi
napigilan si Recto sa
pagtatanggol para sa
nasabing panukala
• Sa tatlong oras na talumpati
sa Senado, binatikos ni
Recto ang pastoral letter ng
Simbahang Katoliko. Ayon sa
kanya, dinaig pa ng pastoral
letter ang pagkundena ng
mga Dominikano sa mga
nobela na naging dahilan ng
pagbaril kay Rizal sa Luneta
noong ika-19 dantaon.
• Dagdag pa rito, binanggit ni
Recto na ang pagbabasa ng
nasabing pastoral letter
“should open the eyes of
the people to the real
enemies of Rizal and true
nationalism”
• Bilang tugon sa bantang
ipapasara ng Simbahan ang
mga paaralang Katoliko sa
sandaling maipasa ang batas,
nakita ni Recto na pabor ito
sa bansa upang
maisakatapuran na ang
nationalization ng mga
paaralan. Katulad ng Senate
Bill 438, hakbang din ito
upang mapalawak ang
nasyonalismo sa mga
Filipino.
• Ayon kay Recto, “They
(Catholic Church) are making
too much profit which they
can ill-afford to give up.”
• “Rizal did not pretend to teach religion
or theology when he wrote these books.
He aimed at inculcating
civic consciousness in
the Filipinos, national
dignity, personal pride,
and PATRIOTISM, and if references
were made by him in the course of his
narration to certain religious practices in
the Philippines in those days and to the
conduct and behavior of erring
ministers of the church, it was because
he portrayed faithfully the general
situation in the Philippines as it then
existed.”
- CM Recto
• “Noli Me Tangere and El
Filibusterismo must be read by all
Filipinos. They must be taken to
heart, for in their pages we see
ourselves as in a mirror: our
defects as well as our strength,
our virtues as well as our vices.
Only then would we become
conscious as a people, and so
learn to prepare ourselves for
painful sacrifices that
ultimately lead to self-reliance,
self-respect and freedom.”

-Senator Jose P. Laurel

• Dahil humigit na sa dalawang linggo ang
matindihang debate at tila walang
pinatutunguhang pag-uusap tungkol sa
panukala, nirebisa ni Sen. Laurel ang
panukala.

An Act to include in the curricula of all

public and private schools, colleges and
universities courses on the life, works and
writings of Jose Rizal, particularly his novels
Noli Me Tangere and El Filibusterismo,
authorizing the printing and distribution,
thereof, and for other purposes.
Original text
• An Act to include in the
• An Act to make Noli Me
Tangere and El Filibusterismo
compulsory reading matter in all
public and private colleges and
universities and for other
purposes.
Revised text
curricula of all public and
private schools, colleges
and universities courses
on the life, works and
writings of Jose Rizal,
particularly his novels
Noli Me Tangere and El
Filiobusterismo,
authorizing the printing
and distribution, thereof,
and for other purposes.
• Malinaw na tinanggal ni Sen. Laurel ang
ideya ng “sapilitan” (compulsion).

• Marami pa rin ang umasa na hindi ito

maaprobahan (kabilang na si Cong.
Miguel Cuenco) ngunit nabigo ang mga
ito, sapagkat…
• Senado: Naipasa ang batas na 23 senador ang pabor
(Panukalang Batas bilang 438)
• Mababang Kapulungan ng Kongreso: 71 ang pabor; 9
ang hindi pabor; 2 nagpasyang di bumoto (Panukalang
Batas bilang 5564)
• Ang pinagsamang PB 438 at PB 5564 ay naging Batas
Pambansa bilang 1425.
• Nilagdaan ang panukalang batas ng dating Pangulong
Ramon Magsaysay at naging Republic Act 1425 noong
Hunyo 12,1956 na mas lalong popular sa tawag na
BATAS RIZAL.
 Ang Batas Pambansa 1425
noong Dekada ‘90
• Memorandum Order 246 – Pang. Fidel V.
Ramos, ika-26 ng Disyembre, 1994
• CHED memos:
– bilang 3, 1995
– bilang 6, 1996
• Sa gitna ng panlabas at
panloob na mga
panlipunang suliraning
kinaharap ng bansa
noong 1950’s, naniwala
si Recto na ang pag-
aaral sa buhay at akda
ni Rizal ang gigising sa
natutulog na
damdaming makabayan
ng mga Pilipinong mag-
aaral.
• Taong 1956 nang ipasa at
ipatupad ang R.A. 1425.
Makalipas ang 55 taon,
nananatili pa rin ang mga
suliraning panlipunan;
nananatili pa rin ang
pangangailangan ng bansa
sa mga bayani; nananatili
pa rin ang bisa ng mga
sinulat ni Rizal.
• At nananatili pa rin ang
panawagan ni Rizal na
mahalin at paglingkuran
ang Inang Bayan.
• Sa panahon natin ngayon na puro
banyagang gamit, wika, kultura na lang
ang tinatangkilik natin hindi maiwasan na
mawala ang pagmamahal natin sa sarili
nating bayan o ang nasyonalismo na
nabaon na sa limot…
“Nasaan ang kabataang dapat mag-alay
ng kanyang kasariwaan, ng kanyang
mga panaginip at sigasig ukol sa
kabutihan ng kanyang Inang
Bayan?...Hinihintay namin kayo, o mga
kabataan! Halikayo sapagkat hinihintay
namin kayo!”
- Padre Florentino
El Filibusterismo
 Thoughts to ponder…

• The most predominantly Catholic country in Asia and it

chooses a mason and anti-cleric to be its national
hero.
• Either the Filipino is a split personality or the greatest
practioner in the art of uniting opposites.
• What a nation!
– Voltaire de Leon 31 May 2008 at 1pm

Web source: http://philippinesfreepress.wordpress.com/2006/05/05/the-church-under-

attack-may-5-1956/#comments
PAGPILI NG PAMBANSANG
BAYANI
 Komisyong Taft (1901)
• Governor-General William
Howard Taft: kinakailangang
magkaroon ang Pilipinas ng
Pambansang Bayani.
• Ang pambansang bayani na
ito ang magiging
pambansang huwaran ng
mga mamamayang Pilipino.
 Komisyong Taft
1. Wiliam Howard Taft
2. Morgan Shuster
3. Bernard Moses
4. Dean Worcester
5. Henry Clay Ide
 Komisyong Taft
6. Trinidad Pardo H. de Tavera
7. Gregorio Araneta
8. Cayetano Arellano
9. Jose Luzurriaga
 Pamantayan
1. Isang Pilipino
2. Yumao na
3. May matayog na pagmamahal sa bayan
4. May mahinahong damdamin
 Mga pinagpilian

Marcelo H. del Pilar

Graciano Lopez Jaena

Jose Rizal

Antonio Luna
Emilio Jacinto
Graciano Lopez-Jaena (1856-1896)
• Jaro, Iloilo
• Filipino journalist
• Orator
• Revolutionary from Iloilo
• Founder, editor of La
Solidaridad
• Died of tuberculosis on
Jan 20, 1896 in
Barcelona, Spain
Marcelo H. del Pilar (1850-1896)
• Born on August 30,
1850 in Cupang,
Bulacan, Bulacan
• Filipino writer,
journalist, satirist
• Revolutionary leader
• Died of tuberculosis in
Barcelona, Spain on
July 4, 1896
Jose P. Rizal (1861-1896)
• Born in June 19, 1861 in
Calamba, Laguna
• Filipino polymath
• Foremost Filipino Patriot
• Wrote the Noli and Fili
• Founder of La Liga
Filipina
• Executed by the Spanish
on Dec 30, 1896 in
Bagumbayan
Emilio Jacinto (1875-1899)
• Born in Trozo, Tondo on
Dec 15, 1875
• Filipino revolutionary
• The Brain of the Katipunan
• Studied in San Juan de
Letran College then in UST
• Writer – Dimasilaw
• Contracted malaria and
died in Magdalena, Laguna
in April 16, 1899
Antonio Luna (1866-1899)
• Born October 29, 1866 in
Urbiztondo, Binondo,
Manila
• Filipino pharmacist
• Wrote for La Solidaridad
• revolutiionary
• Brigadier-general who
fought in the Philippine-
American War
• Killed by fellow Fililipinos on
June 5, 1899
Si Rizal ang napili dahil…
1. Siya ang kauna-unahang
Pilipino umakit upang ang
buong bansa ay magkaisang
maghimagsik laban sa
kolonyalistang Espanya, sa
pamamagitan ng dalawa
niyang nobela, ang Noli Me
Tangere at El Filibusterismo.
2. Huwaran siya ng kapayapaan.
3. Ang mga Pilipino ay
sentimental o maramdamin.
 Maraming Salamat!

Mabuhay ang mga Kabataang

Para sa Bayan!


Salamat kina: G. Jely A. Galang , Bb. Janet
S. Reguindin at G. Bernard Esternon