CONJUNCTION & ARTICLE

GROUP 1

• Afrinita Khoyiriyah
• Alya Gustirinanda
• Amaliah Dwi Putri
Conjunction

Conjunction is a word or group of words that

functions to link the same two grammatical
constructs: words, phrases (clauses), or clauses.

This word or group of words can be divided into

coordinate, correlative, subordinate, and adverbial
conjunction (subjunctive adverb).
COORDINATE CONJUNCTION

Coordinating conjunction consists of: for, and,

nor, but, or, yet, and so. These conjunctions are
often used in compound sentences to connect two
independent clauses.

Example of Coordinate Conjunction Sentences:

1. I love running and swimming.
(Saya suka berlari dan berenang.)
2 She wants a house, but she won't afford it.
(Dia menginginkan sebuah rumah, tetapi tidak
dapat membelinya.)
 CORRELATIVE CONJUNCTION
Correlative conjunction is a conjunction that is used in
pairs.
Correlative Conjunction Example:
1. Between … and … (diantara … dan …)
2. Both … and … (baik … maupun)
3. Either … or …, neither … nor
4. From … to …
5. Hardly … when, no sooner … than, scarcely … when
6. If … then
7. Not … but (tidak … tapi), not only … but also … (tak
hanya … tapi juga)
8. Rather … than
9. The more … the less (semakin banyak …, semakin sedikit
…), the more … the more (semakin banyak …, semakin
banyak)
10. Whether … or …
Examples of Correlative Conjunction Sentences:

1 Both Mirza and Vina are currently taking English

classes.
(Baik Mirza maupun Vina saat ini sedang mengambil
kelas bahasa Inggris.)

2 The more we learn grammar, the less we face

difficulties in writing.
(Semakin banyak kita mempelajari grammar, semakin
sedikit kita menghadapi kesulitan-kesulitan didalam
menulis.)
SUBORDINATE CONJUNCTION

Subordinate conjunction is a conjunction that is

at the beginning of a subordinate clause called the
adverbial clause that functions to build the
relationship between the subordinate clause of ideas
with main clause (in the form of an independent
clause) that forms a complex sentence.

Complex Sentence Formula:

play clause (S + verb +/- ...) + subordinate clause
(subordinate conjunction + S + verb +/- ...
Example of Subordinate Conjunction:

• after (setelah)
• as (ketika, sementara)
• as soon as (segera setelah)
• before (sebelum)
• once (segera setelah)
• since (sejak)
• until/till (sampai)
• when (ketika)
• whenever (kapan saja, sewaktu-waktu)
• while (ketika, sementara)
• where (dimana)
• wherever (dimanapun)
• although, even though, though (meskipun)
• whereas (sebaliknya, sedangkan)
Subordinate Conjunction Sentence Example:

1. I will call you when I get home.

(Saya akan menghubungimu ketika saya sampai di rumah.)

2. We should be polite and humble wherever we live.

(Kita sebaiknya sopan dan rendah hati dimanapun kita
tinggal.)

3. Please open the window so that the smell will go away

quickly.
(Tolong buka jendela supaya bau itu akan pergi dengan
cepat.)
CONJUNCTIVE ADVERB

Conjunctive adverb is an adverb

(adverb) or adverbial phrase that can
logically connect two consecutive
independent clauses. Like other adverbs,
conjunctive adverbs may be moved around
in the sentence or clause in which they
appear.
Conjunctive Adverb Examples :

 also  as a result
 besides  consequently
 furthermore  hence
 moreover  so
 however  therefore
 in spite of  thus
 nonetheless  afterward
 nevertheless  at last
 instead  at the same time
 nevertheless  meanwhile
 on the other hand  finally
 still  in the meantime
 accordingly  then
 next
Examples of Conjunctive Adverb Sentences:

1.I was up all night and therefore I fell asleep at my desk.

(Saya terjaga sepanjang malam. Karena itu saya
tertidur di meja.)

2. It was a difficult and boring task, but nevertheless she

managed to finish on time.
(Itu merupakan tugas yang sulit dan membosankan,
tapi dia berhasil menyelesaikannya tepat waktu
meskipun demikian.)
QUESTION
1. Our new classmate is not bad; …, he’s very kind.
a. furthermore c. whether
b. rather d. nor

2. The more you prepare yourself for the job interview, … stress you may feel.
a. the more c. the last
b. the less d. the one

3. Neither indah … her friends ate lunch here yesterday.

a. nor c. and
b. or d. but

4. To stay … to leave your job is your prerogative.

a. nor c. and
b. or d. but

5. It wasn’t my will, … yours.

a. but also c. nor
b. or d. so
6. Whales, dolphins, and walruses are ... fish ... mammals.
a. not ... But c. Whether...or
b. not only ... but also d. Between...or

7. Lia and I discussed ... to attend the meeting ... have a representative
attend in our place.
a. between ... Or c. not ... But
b. whether ... Or d. not only ... but also

8. The more you smile, ... you will get positive reactions from others.
a. the less c. but
b. the more d. or

9. I would like to try both the classic tiramisu ... creamy cheesecake recipes.
a. Or c. but
b. And d. so

10. You can either wear open-toe sandals ... shoes to work at the office.
a. Or c. and
b. Nor d. but
QUIZ
1. I am not feeling well,___________I will come to the party.
a. because c. since
b. however d. unless

2. _____________ I had my lunch, I didn’t miss Pizza.

a. Although c. Finally
b. Moreover d. Already

3. She never helps anyone _________ having a lot of money.

a. otherwise c. inspite of
b. however d. instead

4. You shouldn’t go out __________ it’s raining heavily.

a. for c. because
b. already d. but

5. Please come on time, _________ we may miss the flight.

a. otherwise c. so
b. therefore d. but
ARTICLE
ARTICLE

A, an, the (articles) are words used to limit the

meaning of noun (noun).

Article or article, is divided into two types,

namely: definite and indefinite. There is also zero
article which means without the article.
DEFINITE ARTICLE
The is the article of clothing used in the definite
article. The use of specific things (clearly or previously
explained) includes: person (person), thing (thing), or
idea (thought). This word is used before countable
noun as well as uncountable noun.

Definite Article Sentence Example:

1 There’s a girl in front of the bookstore. The girl wore
boots.
(Disana ada seorang anak di depan toko buku.)

2 The place that I just visited is cozy.

(Tempat yang baru saya kunjungi sangat nyaman.)
INDEFINITE ARTICLES

A or an is used on indefinite articles. This article

is used on things that are not specific or have not been
explained before, including: person (person), thing
(thing), or idea (thought). This word is only used before
singular countable noun (nouns can be counted singly).

Indefinite Article Sentence Example:

1.He goes to the swimming pool twice a week.

(Dia pergi ke kolam renang dua kali seminggu.)
ZERO ARTICLE
 Zero Article (Without a, an, the)
 Zero article means there is no article (a, an, the)
that needs to be used for a noun (noun).
 Some types of noun who cannot or cannot use
articles (without a, an, the) include names of
languages, sports, academic subject, etc.

Sentence Example Zero Article:

1 Can you speak Japanese?
(Dapatkah kamu bicara bahasa Jepang?)
2 That children played football.
(Anak-anak itu bermain bola.)
 QUESTION
1. It's ___ most expensive hotel in town
A. A C. The
B. An
2. We had a very nice meal. ___ cheese was especially good.
A. A C. The
B. An
3. She is on diet, so she ordered ___ calorie - free dinner.
A. A C. The
B. An
4. I know someone who wrote a book about ___ life of Gandhi.
A. A C. The
B. An
5. I have just had ___ great idea.
A. A C. The
B. An
6. Writting is ___ more interesting activity than reading.
A. A
B. An
C. The

7. A little knowledge is ___ dangerous thing.

A. A
B. An
C. The

8. Last year we visited St. Paul’s Cathedral and ___ Tower of London.
A. A
B. An
C. The

9. Did you read ___ book I gave you?

A. A
B. An
C. The

10 . It’s ___ long way by train to ___ west of Java.

A. A - The
B. An - The
C. The - A
 QUIZ
1. ___ doctor earns more than ___ teacher.
A. A - A
B. An - An
C. The - The

2. I lived in ___ Netherlands before moving here.

A. A
B. An
C. The

3. We saw ___ eagle caught a chicken yesterday.

A. A
B. An
C. The

4. This is ___ man I told you about.

A. A
B. An
C. The

5. I never listen to ___ radio. In fact, I haven't got ___ radio.

A. A - The
B. An - The
C. The - A
ANSWER (CONJUNCTION)
1. B
2. B
3. A QUIZ
4. B 1. B
5. B 2. A
3. C
6. A 4. C
5. A
7. B
8. B
9. B
10. A
ANSWER (ARTICLE)
1. C
2. C
3. A QUIZ
4. C 1. A
5. A 2. C
3. B
6. A 4. C
5. C
7. A
8. C
9. C
10. A
THANK YOU