Allosteric Enzyme

Few examples: Allosteric enzymes

Modulators of ATCase
 MWC Model or Symmetry Model or Concerted Model

Monod, Wyman and Changeux, 1965

Postulates:
1. Effect of L

I. Homotopic Interaction
 I. Homotopic Interaction
Effect of c
When the T state is highly
preferred (L is large
At low ligand
concentrations (low ) the
amount of ligand bound
(YS) increases with the
ligand-binding affinity of
the T state (increasing c)
since the protein is largely
in the T state
As [α] increases, the
fractional saturation (Ys)
increases for R state.
 MWC model
I. Heterotropic Interaction

1. Effect of activator (r)

 Activator stabilizes R state
 The presence of activator
increases the protein’s substrate-
binding affinity (a positive
heterotropic effect), although it
decreases the protein’s degree of
substrate-binding cooperativity
2. Effect of inhibitor (β)
 Inhibitor stabilized T state
The inhibitor only binds to the T
state, reduces the binding affinity for
substrate (a negative heterotropic
effect.