Stream Seminar

Scramjet
propulsion
 Hello!
I am Kamal Kishor
Of B. Tech. 3rd year

Mechanical
Roll no. 164231

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Jet
Engines
- A type of reaction engine discharging a fast-moving jet
that generates thrust by jet propulsion.

- Based on newtons third law of motion.

- Used to power jet aircrafts, cruise missiles, UAV and

spaceflights.

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Types
Turbofan

Scramjet Turboshaft

Ramjet Turbojet

Turboprop

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5
Scramjet

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“A Scramjet (supersonic combustion
ramjet) is a variant of ramjet air
breathing combustion jet engine in
which the combustion process takes
place in supersonic airflow ”

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Components
Converging inlet combustor Diverging nozzle
Where incoming Where gaseous Where the heated
air is compressed fuel is burned with air is accelerated
and decelerates. atmospheric to produce thrust.
oxygen to produce
heat.

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29,635.2
km/h
Top theoretical speed of scramjet

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 Working Principle
• Basically in order to achieve initial speed, a second engine is integrated
in scramjet engine, it maybe a rocket or turbojet engine.

• Air from atmosphere enters at very high speed in the inlet passage.

• Hence, the air from atmosphere enters in the inlet section having very
high velocity is reduced in diffuser section; thereby its static pressure
increases.

• Temperature of air increases when passing through the narrow cross

section towards combustion chamber.

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• Hot air flows in the combustion chamber and at this moment the
propellant i.e. hydrogen (having very low ignition temperature ) are
injected by the injector in the combustor.

• Where it gets self ignited within a millisecond and the

combustion process is carried out at the supersonic
speed.

• The fresh air supply to the diffuser so that these burned

gases cannot expand towards the diffuser.

• Instead, the gases are made expand in combustor

towards tail engine, hence providing the required thrust.

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 Advantages
• There are no rotating parts, less wear due to friction.

• Use for the hypersonic speed.

• Does not have to carry an oxygen tank. Less weight and simple
design.

• As the hydrogen is used as a propellant and combustion is carried out

at supersonic velocity with the help of oxygen from the atmosphere.
As a result of that, steam (H2O) is being exhaust gas which is eco
friendly in nature.

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• The inlet and the nozzle become the part of an air craft based on
Scramjet. As a result, the engine and the vehicle get combined and
work as a single unit .

• As movable walls are provided in tail end of the combustor so it

can be used for varying speed applications.

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Disadvantages
• A scramjet cannot produce efficient thrust unless
boosted to high speed , around Mach 5.

• As a result additional propulsion system are

required.

• Scramjets are difficult to test.

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 Projects
&
Applications
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Hyper-X DMRJ Hyshot

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Comparison
Moving
Top speed (km/h)
components

turbojet 885 more

ramjet 7,400 nil

scramjet 29,635.2 nil

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 CIAM
ESA
NASA

ISRO

AHI

Countries having scramjet technology

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Thanks!
Any questions?

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