Climate change impacts in a

representative aquatic ecosystem:

Lake Taal from 2000-2011
(Monthly)
Johann Estrella
Climate Change
 OBJECTIVES

• To understand basic concepts, trends and issues in climate

change science;
• To appreciate the ethical dimensions of climate change
processes and their impacts;
• To utilize available data sources for the study of climate
change; and
HYPOTHESES

� There is no significant relationship between

Average Monthly Surface Water
Temperature and Average Air Temperature
in Lake Taal from 2000-2011
METHODOLOGY
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 Average

Air Temperature

26.4 26.62 26.48 NaN 26.32 25.51 26.52 26.57 26.92 25.63 26.52 26.3 26.34

26.6 26.49 26.22 NaN 26.88 26.44 27.26 26.98 26.64 27.42 27.52 26.6 26.82

27.5 27.86 28 28.42 27.65 27.55 28.32 28.19 28.2 28.67 28.28 26.4 27.92

29.1 29.1 29.72 29.98 29.53 28.84 29.21 29.84 29.41 28.99 29.65 NaN 29.40

27.9 29.53 29.79 29.12 29 29.91 29.04 29.99 28.13 28.65 28.78 NaN 29.08

28.2 27.82 29.11 27.84 27.32 28.74 29.09 29.41 28.69 28.38 29.06 27.7 28.45

26.6 27.27 27.76 28.14 27.36 28.13 27.89 28.79 28.27 28.11 28.37 27.6 27.86

27.1 26.96 27.76 27.99 27.2 27.45 27.4 27.95 27.82 28.39 28.27 27.7 27.67

27 27.9 27.42 27.5 27.93 27.69 28.24 28.09 28.03 27.59 28.52 27.9 27.82

27.1 28.04 NaN 27.88 27.12 27.8 27.28 27.7 28.45 27.76 28.13 27.8 27.73

26.9 26.75 NaN 27.65 26.68 27.69 28.34 26.78 28.05 27.76 27.78 27.6 27.45

26.4 26.16 NaN 25.82 26.15 26.1 27.04 27.31 26.31 26.29 27.12 26.9 26.51
 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 Average

Surface temperature

January 27.92 - - - 26.07 27.5 25 - - 27.2 26.89 - 26.76333333

February 29.75 26.66 24.83 26 27.79 26.9 - 24.8 26.8 27.48 - 26.77888889

March 29.33 24.8 27.64 27.78 28.14 25.8 26.6 28.45 28.5 29.8 - 27.684

April 31.78 29.3 27.62 28 29 28.2 29.9 29.55 29.5 27.73 - 29.058

May 33.64 30.94 28 29.79 29 29.81 29.4 31.45 - 30.25375

June 33.5 31.3 29.21 27.88 29.57 29 29.6 29.5 29.9 29.82 31.52 30.07272727

July 26.38 29.31 29.08 30.6 30.63 30 29.8 30.6 29.7 28.82 29.09 29.45545455

August 30.18 30.13 29 30.79 28 30.6 27.5 28.34 28.8 29.26

Septembe 29.11 29.88 29.83 30 28.86 28.2 28.4 29.18 29.67 29.47 29.26
r

October 28.94 28.67 29.29 29.85 28.86 27.7 29.8 28.1 28.96 28.90777778

November 26.5 29.07 28.7 27.86 26.7 28.23 28.47 27.93285714

December 27.5 27.68 28.08 27.75333333

Figure 1. Yearly average of surface water temperature in Taal Lake
from 2000-2011
Figure 2. Monthly Ave. Water Surface Temperature
from 2000-2011
Figure 3. Average monthly air temperature in Taal Lake
from 2000-2011
Table 3. T -test of mean annual and mean monthly temperatures in Taal Lake (2000-
2011)
t-Test: Paired Two Sample for Means

Variable 1 Variable 2

Mean 28.60 28.59

Variance 1.41 1.43

Observation 12 12

Pearson Correlation 0.98

Hypothesized Mean Difference 0

Df 11

T Stat 1.74

P (T <=t) one-tail 0.05

T Critical one tail 1.80

P (T<=t) two tail 0.11

T Critical Two Tail 2.20

Table 2. Average Monthly Surface Water Temperature vs Average Air
Temperature in Lake Taal from 2000-2011
Fig 4. Scatter plot of the Average Monthly Surface Water Temperature
vs Average Air Temperature in Lake Taal from 2000-2011
T-test
-critical value is 2.074
-t-value is 3.90
-Reject hypothesis because
calculated t value is higher than
the critical T-value from the
table
-Conclusion
THERE IS SIGNIFICANT RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN
AVERAGE MONTHLY SURFACE WATER
TEMPERATURE AND AVERAGE AIR
TEMPERATURE IN LAKE TAAL FROM 2000-2011
 Conclusion

With the given data we can conclude that average

water surface temperature at Lake Taal from 2000-2011
is at its highest temperature on the year 2009 and within
the month of May having the temperature of 30.25℃,
while the lowest temperature is at the year 2007 and
month of January with the temperature 26.76℃. For the
average monthly air temperature data observed that the
highest monthly air temperature is during April at above
29 degrees Celsius and the lowest being January.
 Conclusion

Using statistical analysis t-table compares the monthly

and yearly averages of temperature and shows that
there is no significant difference between monthly and
yearly averages of temperature in Taal Lake from the
year 2000-2011. Net solar radiation directly affects the
surface temperature. Thus, here is a slightly strong
correlation of air temperature and surface temperature of
Lake Taal. Therefore, as air temperature increases, the
surface water temperature also increases.
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