Topic 3:

Computer Based Information

System
2-15 IT Systems

THE SEVEN IT SYSTEMS IN

AN ORGANIZATION
1.Transaction Processing Systems (TPS)
2.Customer Integrated Systems (CIS)
3.Management Information Systems (MIS)
4.Workgroup Support Systems (WSS)
5.Decision Support Systems (DSS) & Artificial
Intelligence (AI)
6.Executive Information Systems (EIS)
7. Office Automation System
2-16 TPSs

a system that processes transactions that

occur within an organization.
Capturing information
Creating information
Cradling information
Conveying information (secondary)
2-17 TPSs

TPS CHARACTERISTICS
 Heart of every organization.

 Provide the primary interface to customers.

 Found in all functions of an organization.

 If they fail, the whole organization suffers.

2-18 CISs

an extension of a TPS that places technology in

the hands of an organization’s customers and
allows them to process their own transactions.
Capturing information
Creating information
Cradling information
Communicating information
Conveying information (secondary)
2-19 CISs

CIS CHARACTERISTICS
 Are at the very heart of every organization.

 Are the new primary interface to customers.

 Represent a further decentralization of computing power by

placing that power in the hands of customers.

 Will forever change the relationship between organization

and customer.
2-20 MISs

a system that provides periodic and

predetermined reports that summarize
information within a database.
Creating information
Conveying information
2-21 MISs

MIS CHARACTERISTICS
 Alert people to the existence of problems or opportunities.

 Report Types:
 PERIODIC - produced at a predetermined time interval.
 SUMMARIZED - aggregate information in some way.
 EXCEPTION - show only a subset of available information.
 COMPARATIVE - show two or more sets of similar information.
2-22 WSSs

a system that is designed specifically to improve

the performance of teams by supporting the
sharing and flow of information.
Communicating information
2-23 WSSs

WSS CHARACTERISTICS
 Supports the sharing, dissemination, and flow of information.

 Supports both:
 Project teams - that solve a specific problem or take advantage of
a specific opportunity and then disband to move on to other
projects.
 Permanent teams - people from all departments that perform a
flow of work consistently.

 Contains groupware.
2-24 WSSs

the popular term for the software that supports

the collaborative efforts of a team.

Groupware Supports Three Functions:

(See Figure 2.11 page 58)
1. Team Dynamics
2. Document Management
3. Applications Development
2-25 WSSs

GROUPWARE SUPPORT FOR

TEAM DYNAMICS
 Email

 ELECTRONIC MEETING SUPPORT - shared

scheduling, NetMeeting
2-26 WSSs

ELECTRONIC MEETING
SUPPORT SOFTWARE

 GROUP SCHEDULING - shared schedules

 ELECTRONIC MEETING - online virtual meeting
 VIDEOCONFERENCING - allows “face-to-face”
 Electronic WHITEBOARD
2-27 WSSs

GROUPWARE SUPPORT FOR

DOCUMENT MANAGEMENT
 GROUP DOCUMENT DATABASE -

 Contains documents from many teams

 Supports many levels of security
 Can store information in a variety of forms
2-28 WSSs
GROUPWARE SUPPORT FOR
APPLICATIONS
DEVELOPMENT
 APPLICATIONS DEVELOPMENT FACILITIES - a wealth of
basic building blocks that you can use to create applications
quickly, so teams can literally “get to work.”
 Prewritten - commonly performed functions
 Programming tools - for creating unique applications
 WORK FLOW AUTOMATION SOFTWARE - designed to
automate the flow of business documents in a specific work
process or procedure. To ensure appropriate checks and
approvals are implemented
2-29 DSS & AI

DSS - designed to support decision making when

the problem is not structured.
AI - the science of making machines imitate
human thinking and behavior.
Creating information
Conveying information (secondary)
2-30 DSS & AI

DSSs AND AI INCLUDE...

 GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEM (GIS) - a DSS
designed specifically to work with spatial information.

 GENETIC ALGORITHM - an AI system that mimics the

evolutionary, survival-of-the-fittest process to generate
increasingly better solutions to a problem.

 EXPERT SYSTEM - an AI system that applies reasoning

capabilities to reach a conclusion.
2-31 EISs

a highly interactive MIS combined with decision

support systems and artificial intelligence for
helping managers identify and address problems
and opportunities.
Creating information
Conveying information
2-32 EISs

EIS CHARACTERISTICS
 Make use of a data warehouse.

 Support drill down capabilities.

 Help identify information responsibility.

 Use DSS and AI tools.

 Provide access to a variety of information.

2-34 IOSs

Definition
“Office automation system is an information system which is
computer based that collects, processes, stores and transmits
electronic messages”

“Office automation refers to the varied computer machinery and

software used to digitally create, collect, store, manipulate, and
relay office information needed for
accomplishing basic task”
2-35 IOSs

IOS CHARACTERISTICS
 Text preparation usually through word-processing, but also
through the use of scanners and ICR software

 Voice and voice mail

 Facsimile transmission, which allows a document to be sent

instantaneously anywhere in the world

 Use computers and communication links to electronically

receive and transmit data, include customer maps, purchase
orders, invoices and associated documents
Advantage of OAS
Disadvantage of OAS
2-36

Q&A

1. Which system is the most important?

2. What is the differences between between executive

information system and management information systems?
2-37

TO SUMMARIZE
 Transaction Processing Systems (TPS)
 Customer Integrated Systems (CIS)
 Management Information Systems (MIS)
 Workgroup Support Systems (WSS)
 Decision Support Systems (DSS) & Artificial
Intelligence (AI)
 Executive Information Systems (EIS)
 Office Automation System (OAS)