Statistical Process Control

Statistical process control (SPC)

involves the collection, analysis and
interpretation of data from a process
being monitored
 Principles of SPC

• Product & processes vary.

• Variations can be measured.
• Variation data when graphically plotted
give set patterns (Bell shape curve)
• Abnormal variations distort the normal
bell shaped curves.
• Causes of variation can be isolated and
identified.
PROCESS CONTROL SYSTEM MODEL
WITH FEED BACK
VOICE OF THE PROCESS

STATISTICAL
METHODS

PEOPLE
THE WAY
EQUIPMENT WE WORK / PRODUCTS
OR CUSTOMERS
MATERIALS
METHODS BLENDING OF SERVICES

ENVIRONMENT
RESOURCES
IDENTIFYING
CHANGING NEEDS
AND EXPECTATIONS
INPUTS PROCESS/SYSTEM OUTPUTS

VOICE OF CUSTOMERS
PCA – 7
PCA – 8
PCA – 9
PCI – 10
PCI – 11
PCI – 12
PCI – 13
PCI – 14
PCI – 15
PCI – 16
PCI – 17
 PCI - 18
Process Capability Exercise
Example : For a process with X = 12,  =2 an
USL = 16 and LSL = 4, determine Cp and Cpk min

USL – LSL 16 – 4 12
Cp = = = =1
6  6 (2) 12

USL – X 16 – 12 4
Cpk upper = = = = 0.667
3  3 (2) 6

X – LSL 12 – 4 8
Cpk lower = = = = 1.333
3 3 (2) 6

Cp = 1 Cpk min = 0.667

Where
( X - X)2
= (n-1)

X = Process mean value

 = Population Standard deviation
USL = Upper Specification limit
LSL = Lower Specification limit
CP = Process Capability Index
CPK = Process Performance Index