Presented by,

Chinju Elsa Thomas

ANATOMY
 Introduction
• Tracheoesophageal fistula is also known as TE
fistula or simply TEF. TE fistula is a birth defect,
which is an abnormality that occurs as a fetus is
forming in its mother's uterus. When a baby with a
TE fistula swallows, the liquid can pass through the
abnormal connection between the esophagus and the
trachea.
TEF
 Pathophysiology
• Altered growth of septum

• Unable to swallow effectively

• Accumulation of saliva or feeds in upper esophageal

pouch & aspiration in respiratory passage

• Gastric secretions may regurgitate through distal

fistula

• Abdominal distension occurs: due to air entering the

lower esophagus through the fistula & passing into the
stomach during crying

• Respiratory distress: due to gastric distension &

elevation of diaphragm.
Types of TEF
X-RAY
 Pre-operative management
Focuses on minimizing the risk of aspiration &
avoiding gaseous distension of the GI tract
with positive pressure crossing from the
trachea into the esophagus
POSITION