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HSPA Systems: Kari Aho Senior Research Scientist Kari - Aho@magister - Fi
HSPA Systems: Kari Aho Senior Research Scientist Kari - Aho@magister - Fi
Kari Aho
Senior Research Scientist
kari.aho@magister.fi
Disclaimer
2 © 2008
Readings related to the subject
General readings
WCDMA for UMTS – H. Holma, A. Toskala
HSDPA/HSUPA for UMTS – H. Holma, A. Toskala
3G Evolution - HSPA and LTE for Mobile Broadband - E.
Dahlman, S. Parkvall, J. Sköld and P. Beming,
Network planning oriented
Radio Network Planning and Optimisation for UMTS – J. Laiho,
A. Wacker, T. Novosad
UMTS Radio Network Planning, Optimization and QoS
Management For Practical Engineering Tasks – J. Lempiäinen,
M. Manninen
3 © 2008
Contents
Introduction
HSDPA
HSUPA
Continuous Packet Connectivity
I-HSPA
Conclusions
4 © 2008
Introduction
5 ©
5 2008 Magister
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High Speed Packet Access (1/3)
6 © 2008
High Speed Packet Access (2/3)
7 © 2008
High Speed Packet Access (3/3)
8 © 2008
WCDMA Background and Evolution
3GPP Rel 5 3GPP Rel 6 3GPP Rel 7
3GPP Rel -99 3GPP Rel 4 (HSDPA) (HSUPA) HSPA+ Further
12/99 03/01 03/02 2H/04 06/07 Releases, (LTE)
Europe
Europe HSDPA HSUPA
Japan (pre-
(commercial) (commercial) (commercial)
commercial)
9 © 2008
Questions
10 © 2008
High Speed Downlink Packet Access
(HSDPA)
11 © 2008
11 Magister
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Introduction to HSDPA (1/2)
12 © 2008
Introduction to HSDPA (2/2)
13 © 2008
HSDPA channels (1/2)
14 © 2008
HSDPA channels (2/2)
15 © 2008
Questions
16 © 2008
Link Adaptation (1/3)
17 © 2008
Link Adaptation (2/3)
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
Link
-2 adaptation
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160
Tim e [n u m b e r o f TTIs] adjusts the
1 6 Q A M 3 /4
mode within
1 6 Q A M 2 /4
few ms based
Q P S K 3 /4
on CQI
Q P S K 2 /4
Q P S K 1 /4
18 © 2008
Link Adaptation (3/3)
19 © 2008
Fast Retransmissions (1/3)
Rel ‘99 HSPA
RNC
Retransmisson Packet
Packet
NodeB
RLC
ACK/NACK
Retransmisson
UE Layer 1
ACK/NACK
Radio Link Control (RLC) layer ACK/NACKs also possible with HSPA
20 © 2008
Fast Retransmissions (2/3)
UE NodeB RNC
User data
(Re)transmission
RLC
RLC (N)ACK
MAC-d
MAC-hs
(Re)transmission
Layer1
HARQ (N)ACK
21 © 2008
Fast Retransmissions (3/3)
22 © 2008
Questions
What is CQI?
What does link adaptation do?
Which entity initiates RLC re-transmissions?
Which entity initiates HARQ re-transmissions?
23 © 2008
Downlink scheduling (1/5)
24 © 2008
Downlink scheduling (2/5)
25 © 2008
Downlink scheduling (3/5)
26 © 2008
Downlink scheduling (4/5)
27 © 2008
Downlink scheduling (5/5)
d
priority ,
r
where instantaneous data rate, d, is obtained by consulting the
link adaptation algorithm and average throughput, r, of the user
is defined and/or updated as follows
28 © 2008
Mobility with HSDPA (1/4)
29 © 2008
Mobility with HSDPA (2/4)
Node B,
Serving HSDPA
DCH
DCH Node B,
Part of DCH active set
HS-SCCH
UE
DCH/HSDPA
DCH
30 © 2008
Mobility with HSDPA (3/4)
31 © 2008
Mobility with HSDPA (4/4)
32 © 2008
Questions
33 © 2008
High Speed Uplink Packet Access
(HSUPA)
34 © 2008
34 Magister
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Introduction to HSUPA (1/2)
35 © 2008
Introduction to HSUPA (2/2)
36 © 2008
HSUPA channels (1/4)
(*)Dedicated channel means that each UE has its own data path to the Node B that is
continuous and independent from the DCHs and E-DCHs of other UEs
37 © 2008
HSUPA channels (2/4)
38 © 2008
HSUPA channels (3/4)
39 © 2008
HSUPA channels (4/4)
DPCCH
NodeB
E-DPCCH
E-DPDCH
E-RGGH
UE
E-AGCH
E-HICH
40 © 2008
Questions
41 © 2008
Uplink scheduling (1/5)
42 © 2008
Uplink scheduling (2/5)
(*)ratio between the total power received from all of the UEs at the base station and
the thermal noise
43 © 2008
Uplink scheduling (3/5)
44 © 2008
Uplink scheduling (4/5)
Scheduled transmissions
The scheduler measures the noise level and decides whether
Additional traffic can be allocated
Should some users have smaller data rates
The scheduler also monitors the uplink feedback
Transmitted on E-DPCCH in every TTI
Referred as happy bits
Tells which users could transmit at a higher data rate both from
the buffer status and the transmission power availability point of
view
45 © 2008
Uplink scheduling (5/5)
46 © 2008
Questions
47 © 2008
Multicodes with HSUPA (1/2)
48 © 2008
Multicodes with HSUPA (2/2)
49 © 2008
Mobility with HSUPA (1/2)
50 © 2008
Mobility with HSUPA (2/2)
Packet
reordering RNC
Correctly
NodeB
received
Layer 1 packet
ACK/NACK Data
NodeB
UE
Layer 1
ACK/NACK
51 © 2008
Questions
52 © 2008
Continuous Packet Connectivity
(CPC)
53 © 2008
53 Magister
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Continuous Packet Connectivity (1/5)
54 © 2008
Continuous Packet Connectivity (2/5)
Benefits
Connected inactive HSPA users need less resources and create
less interference => more users can be connected
UE power savings => increased talk time (VoIP)
UTRAN resources are saved
55 © 2008
Continuous Packet Connectivity (3/5)
R99 DCH with 20-ms TTI 12.2 kbps DCH
(Rel’99, CS voice)
32 kbps E-DCH
E-DCH with 10-ms TTI
(Rel’6, phase 1, VoIP)
56 © 2008
Continuous Packet Connectivity (4/5)
57 © 2008
Continuous Packet Connectivity (5/5)
58 © 2008
VoIP performance with and without
CPC
In general major performance enhancements visible if circuit switched
voice over WCDMA and VoIP over HSPA Rel 7 is compared
With Rel 99 CS voice capacity 60-70 users/cell
With Rel 7 VoIP capacity goes beyond 120 users/cell
59 © 2008
Internet HSPA
(I-HSPA)
60 © 2008
60 Magister
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I-HSPA (1/3)
61 © 2008
I-HSPA (2/3)
NodeB /
E-NodeB SGSN
RNC GGSN
UE
Internet
Internet
//
Intranet
Intranet
I-HSPA
62 © 2008
I-HSPA (3/3)
Release
99 ~200
ms Round trip time of 32-Byte packet
200
180 HSDPA
<100 ms
160 Internet
140 HSUPA Iu + core
~50 ms
120 RNC
Iub
100 I-HSPA Node B
80 ~25 ms
AI
60 UE
40
20
0
Today HSDPA HSDPA+HSUPA I-HSDPA+
I-HSUPA
63 © 2008
Conclusions
64 © 2008
64 Magister
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Conclusions (1/2)
65 © 2008
Conclusions (2/2)
66 © 2008
HSPA vs DCH (basic WCDMA)
Feature DCH HSUPA HSDPA
67 © 2008
HSPA Peak Data Rates
Downlink HSDPA Uplink HSUPA
Theoretical up to 14.4 Mbps Theoretical up to 5.76 Mbps
Initial capability 1.8 – 3.6 Mbps Initial capability 1.46 Mbps
Max Max
# of codes
Modulation # of codes TTI
data rate data rate
5 codes QPSK 1.8 Mbps 2 ms
2 x SF4 1.46 Mbps
10 ms
5 codes 16-QAM 3.6 Mbps 2 x SF2 10 ms 2.0 Mbps
68 © 2008
Thank you!
kari.aho@magister.fi
69 © 2008
69 Magister
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