RGMTTC, Meenambakkam, Chennai-16

G.
Sasikumara,
JTO,
RGMTTC
Chennai
9486100486
RGMTTC, Meenambakkam, Chennai-16

Why FTTH?
100
90
80
70
kilometers
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
Twisted Pair Co-axial Multimode Single-mode

Why FTTH ?
200
150
Gbps
100
50
0
Twisted Pair Co-ax Multimode Single-mode

Optical Fiber Distribution
Direct Fiber Shared Fiber
Active Optical Passive Optical

Network Network

Advantage of Optical Access:
 High Bandwidth
 ‘All-IP system
 ‘Passive Optical Network (PON) -‘No active elements in the field
– No powering, No truck rolls,
 ‘Outside Plant (OSP) lifetime > 50 years.
 ‘Lower Operating Expenses (OpEx)

What is FTTx?
FTTC (Fiber To The Curb)
FTTB (Fiber to the building)
FTTH (Fiber To The Home)
OLT ONT
FTTC (Fiber To The Curb)
O Optical Fiber Cable

ONU
L
T Copper Cable
E
ONU
Central Office

FTTB (Fiber to the building) )
Copper loop
L
ONU
T
E

FTTH (Fiber To The Home)
User’s Home
ONU

L
T
E
Central Office
access

What is FTTH?
FTTH is nothing but the deployment of Optical Fiber right up to the

Customer’s Premises.
Fiber To The Homes (FTTH) means enormous bandwidth at user’s
disposal.
The FTTH is built over OAN (Optical Access Network)
The Central Office point is called OLT (Optical Line Termination)
The Customer premises unit is called ONU/OLT (Optical Network Unit)
OAN
//
OLT ONT

PON ARCHITECTURE
Usually 10-20 km
1550 nm broadcast (if
used)
//
OLT
1490 nm data
//
//
ONT
//
// //
1310 nm data //
//

PON (Passive Optical Network)
Speed at a single port without any Splitter
PON Technology Download Rate Upload Rate
APON 155 Mbps 155 Mbps
BPON 622 Mbps 155 Mbps
GEPON 1.25 Gbps 1.25 Gbps
GPON 2.5 Gbps 1.25 Gbps

DIFFERENCE BETWEEN GPON AND GEPON
GPON GEPON
(Gigabit PON) (Gigabit Ethernet PON)
SPEED SPEED
2.5 Gbps-downstream (1.25Gbps/1.25)
1.25Gbps-upstream
ITU-T Standard IEEE Standard
G.984 802.3 ah
ATM/GEM/Ethernet Ethernet
Asymmetric Symmetric
Each customer is provided with Each customer is provided with
70Mbps 40Mbps (1:32 split)
(2.5 Gb /32=70 Mb -1:32 Split)
Redundant PON ports available No Redundant PON ports

FTT
FTTH Architecture

ONT (Optical Network Terminal)
• The ONT (also called the modem) is installed at customers house. It

connects to the Termination Point (TP) with an optical fibre cable, and
connects to your router via an LAN / Ethernet cable. It translates light
signals from the fibre optic line into electronic signals that your router can
read.

Types of OF cables used in FTTH Network:
Pigtail/Patch Cord
• 2F Low count Drop cables
• 4F Low count
• 6F Low count & 6F U/G cable

Drop/ Feeder cables
• 12F Low count & 12F U/G Cable
• 24F U/G cable

• 48F U/G cable
• 96F U/G cable Feeder cables
• 144F U/G cable
• 288F U/G cable

Pigtail
Pigtail Patchcord

OF Connectors Types 25
FIBER OPTIC PATCH CARD

Types of SC Connectors

OF
connectors

Splitter power loss
Splitter Split loss Exact Approx ONT
Ratio ( in dB) loss ( In Distance
dB) (In Kms)
1:2 21 3 x 1 = 3 db 4 60
1:4 22 3 x 2 = 6 db 7 56
1:8 23 3 x 3 = 9 db 10.5 44
1:16 24 3 x 4 = 12 db 14 32
1:32 25 3 x 5 = 15 db 17.5 20

Access Network design

Access Network Design

FTTH Setup in Locations

Splitter Configuration: 2x4 cascaded with
four 1x8

Sub office SC Jack Unit

Typical Link Budgets
Split Nom. Avail. Nom.

splitting fiber Distance
loss (dB) loss (dB) (km)
4 6 14 56
8 9 11 44
16 12 8 32
32 15 5 20
Notes: based on nominal fiber and splitter loss, not worst case. Practical
distances are less. Includes 2 dB for connectorization loss, 1550 nm
externally modulated transmitter
Without any split, from a OLT port the fiber can be
taken upto 60 Kms,
untill ONT, with the Total loss not more than -
28 dB
Splitter can be used in series called “cascading”
Cascaded Split loss Calculation:

Ex : 1:2 splitter cascaded with 1:16 splitter
(1:2 splitter) 4 dB loss + (1:16 splitter) 13 dB
= 17 dB loss

Optical Power Budget
used for
Cable planning
loss/per Km = 0.25 dB approx
Splice loss/ per splice = 0.1 dB approx
Connector loss/ per conn = 0.5 dB approx
EX: ONT minimum power is -28 dB

At subscriber point the optical power measured
should not go below -28 dB and above -16 dB
FTTH loss Calculated = Cable loss + splice loss +

Connector loss + splitter loss

Sensitivity and overload
-28 dBm to -8 dBm
When glows...
Power -Power Supply
Fiber - Status of Optical
power
with OLT
Data - Status of Internet
Connectivity
Update - Only when Firmware
updated
Test - during Testing from
OLT
Phone -When Telephone
handset
lifted

ONT – Configuration
 Different ONTs are configured just as easily as
ADSL Modems.
Vendor IP Address of Username Password

ONT
Alphion 192.168.1.251 root admin
ICOM 192.168.1.1 admin admin
Sterlite 192.168.100.1 telecomadmin admintelecom

PON system might have different types of
problems happening in different parts of network
(Untill ONT).
connector damage
connector misalignment
fiber break
fiber bend
power level problem for ONUs/ONTs
hardware problems in an ONT/ONU

Thumb rule
Keep the received power between -
10dBm and -25dBm

( for fault free working of ONT)
Restrict the ONT distance to 20 Kms
eventhough the power is high.
If Cable distance is more than 20 Kms,
Inform NOC for change in the port
parameters,to which the ONT is
connected.

Dirty or damaged SC connectors -
major source of traffic issues on a
PON.
Each time a SC connector is removed
or disconnected, it must be cleaned
again before reinserting.
At any Cost don’t blow air from mouth
on contacts after using IPA.
Each SC connection should show a -
0.3 dB loss on the OTDR reporting
display.

Any dB loss that exceeds the -0.3 dB
expectations is the result of a
connection problem. Replace the
offending connectors and/or cables
until the problem is resolved.
Use fiber patch cords (or connectors if
you terminate your own fiber) only
from a reputable supplier
Dust caps-not be removed until the
moment of connecting the fiber cable
to the device.

Cable Handling
Don’t coil the patch cord, less than one hand span
diameter.
Don’t pull the patch cord firmly at any cost
Install a SC Jack unit at premises for avoiding
damage of cables and easy restoration of Patch
cord fault ( Rat bite)
Overhead or Outdoor OF cable should not coiled
less than 1 m diameter

Fiber Connector Mismatch

EXFO PON Optical Power Meter
Use FTTH enabled

power meter so
that the exact
wavelength of
1490 and 1310 is
measured.

Calibrate the Power Meter Once in a month

PON Access Network
fault Tracing

OUT Door OF Cabinet

OUT Door OF Cabinet

Out Door OFC Coiling standard:

ONT In Sub Premises Apartments

Indoor Cable Termination at Apartments


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