Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Chapter 5
Future Value
Present Value
Finding I and N
Annuities
Rates of Return
Amortization
5-1
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INTRO FUTURE VALUE PRESENT VALUE I&N ANNUITIES RATES/RETURN AMORTIZATION
Time Lines
5-2
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INTRO FUTURE VALUE PRESENT VALUE I&N ANNUITIES RATES/RETURN AMORTIZATION
100
0 1 2 3
I%
0 1 2 3
I%
-50 100 75 50
5-4
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INTRO FUTURE VALUE PRESENT VALUE I&N ANNUITIES RATES/RETURN AMORTIZATION
0 1 2 3
4%
100 FV = ?
5-5
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INTRO FUTURE VALUE PRESENT VALUE I&N ANNUITIES RATES/RETURN AMORTIZATION
• After 1 year:
FV1 = PV(1 + I) = $100(1.04) = $104.00
• After 2 years:
FV2 = PV(1 + I)2 = $100(1.04)2 = $108.16
• After 3 years:
FV3 = PV(1 + I)3 = $100(1.04)3 = $112.49
• After N years (general case):
FVN = PV(1 + I)N
5-6
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INTRO FUTURE VALUE PRESENT VALUE I&N ANNUITIES RATES/RETURN AMORTIZATION
INPUTS 3 4 -100 0
N I/YR PV PMT FV
OUTPUT 112.49
Excel: =FV(rate,nper,pmt,pv,type)
5-7
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INTRO FUTURE VALUE PRESENT VALUE I&N ANNUITIES RATES/RETURN AMORTIZATION
Present Value
0 1 2 3
4%
PV = ? 100
5-8
© 2018 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied, or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
INTRO FUTURE VALUE PRESENT VALUE I&N ANNUITIES RATES/RETURN AMORTIZATION
5-9
© 2018 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied, or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
INTRO FUTURE VALUE PRESENT VALUE I&N ANNUITIES RATES/RETURN AMORTIZATION
Excel: =PV(rate,nper,pmt,fv,type)
5-10
© 2018 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied, or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
INTRO FUTURE VALUE PRESENT VALUE I&N ANNUITIES RATES/RETURN AMORTIZATION
Excel: =RATE(nper,pmt,pv,fv,type,guess)
5-11
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INTRO FUTURE VALUE PRESENT VALUE I&N ANNUITIES RATES/RETURN AMORTIZATION
EXCEL: =NPER(rate,pmt,pv,fv,type)
5-12
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INTRO FUTURE VALUE PRESENT VALUE I&N ANNUITIES RATES/RETURN AMORTIZATION
Ordinary Annuity
0 1 2 3
I%
Annuity Due
0 1 2 3
I%
5-13
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INTRO FUTURE VALUE PRESENT VALUE I&N ANNUITIES RATES/RETURN AMORTIZATION
INPUTS 3 4 0 -100
N I/YR PV PMT FV
OUTPUT 312.16
Excel: =FV(rate,nper,pmt,pv,type)
Here type = 0.
5-14
© 2018 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied, or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
INTRO FUTURE VALUE PRESENT VALUE I&N ANNUITIES RATES/RETURN AMORTIZATION
INPUTS 3 4 100 0
N I/YR PV PMT FV
OUTPUT -277.51
Excel: =PV(rate,nper,pmt,fv,type)
Here type = 0.
5-15
© 2018 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied, or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
INTRO FUTURE VALUE PRESENT VALUE I&N ANNUITIES RATES/RETURN AMORTIZATION
Excel: =FV(rate,nper,pmt,pv,type)
Here type = 1.
5-16
© 2018 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied, or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
INTRO FUTURE VALUE PRESENT VALUE I&N ANNUITIES RATES/RETURN AMORTIZATION
Excel: =PV(rate,nper,pmt,fv,type)
Here type = 1.
5-17
© 2018 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied, or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
INTRO FUTURE VALUE PRESENT VALUE I&N ANNUITIES RATES/RETURN AMORTIZATION
5-18
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INTRO FUTURE VALUE PRESENT VALUE I&N ANNUITIES RATES/RETURN AMORTIZATION
• 10-year annuity
N = 10, I/YR = 4, PMT = -100, FV = 0; solve for
PV = $811.09.
• 25-year annuity
N = 25, I/YR = 4, PMT = -100, FV = 0; solve for
PV = $1,562.21.
• Perpetuity
PV = PMT/I = $100/0.04 = $2,500.
5-19
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INTRO FUTURE VALUE PRESENT VALUE I&N ANNUITIES RATES/RETURN AMORTIZATION
5-20
© 2018 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied, or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
INTRO FUTURE VALUE PRESENT VALUE I&N ANNUITIES RATES/RETURN AMORTIZATION
INPUTS 45 8 0 -1825
N I/YR PV PMT FV
OUTPUT 705,373
Excel: =FV(.08,45,-1825,0,0)
5-21
© 2018 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied, or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
INTRO FUTURE VALUE PRESENT VALUE I&N ANNUITIES RATES/RETURN AMORTIZATION
Solving for FV: If you don’t start saving until you are
40 years old, how much will you have at 65?
INPUTS 25 8 0 -1825
N I/YR PV PMT FV
OUTPUT 133,418
Excel: =FV(.8,25,-1825,0,0)
5-22
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INTRO FUTURE VALUE PRESENT VALUE I&N ANNUITIES RATES/RETURN AMORTIZATION
INPUTS 25 8 0 705373
N I/YR PV PMT FV
OUTPUT -9,648.64
Excel: =PMT(rate,nper,pv,fv,type)
=PMT(.08,25,0,705373,0)
5-23
© 2018 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied, or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
INTRO FUTURE VALUE PRESENT VALUE I&N ANNUITIES RATES/RETURN AMORTIZATION
0 1 2 3 4
4%
5-24
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INTRO FUTURE VALUE PRESENT VALUE I&N ANNUITIES RATES/RETURN AMORTIZATION
5-25
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INTRO FUTURE VALUE PRESENT VALUE I&N ANNUITIES RATES/RETURN AMORTIZATION
100 112.49
Annually: FV3 = $100(1.04)3 = $112.49
0 1 2 3
0 1 2 3 4 5 6
5%
100 112.62
Semiannually: FV6 = $100(1.02)6 = $112.62
5-26
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INTRO FUTURE VALUE PRESENT VALUE I&N ANNUITIES RATES/RETURN AMORTIZATION
5-27
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INTRO FUTURE VALUE PRESENT VALUE I&N ANNUITIES RATES/RETURN AMORTIZATION
5-28
© 2018 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied, or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
INTRO FUTURE VALUE PRESENT VALUE I&N ANNUITIES RATES/RETURN AMORTIZATION
5-29
© 2018 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied, or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
INTRO FUTURE VALUE PRESENT VALUE I&N ANNUITIES RATES/RETURN AMORTIZATION
5-30
© 2018 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied, or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
INTRO FUTURE VALUE PRESENT VALUE I&N ANNUITIES RATES/RETURN AMORTIZATION
5-31
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INTRO FUTURE VALUE PRESENT VALUE I&N ANNUITIES RATES/RETURN AMORTIZATION
MN
I
FVN PV1 NOM
M
23
0.04
FV3S $1001
2
FV3S $100(1.02) 6 $112.62
5-32
© 2018 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied, or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
INTRO FUTURE VALUE PRESENT VALUE I&N ANNUITIES RATES/RETURN AMORTIZATION
5-33
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INTRO FUTURE VALUE PRESENT VALUE I&N ANNUITIES RATES/RETURN AMORTIZATION
0 1 2 3 4 5 6
2%
5-34
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INTRO FUTURE VALUE PRESENT VALUE I&N ANNUITIES RATES/RETURN AMORTIZATION
Method 1:
Compound Each Cash Flow
0 1 2 3 4 5 6
2%
5-35
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INTRO FUTURE VALUE PRESENT VALUE I&N ANNUITIES RATES/RETURN AMORTIZATION
Method 2:
Financial Calculator or Excel
Excel: =FV(.0404,3,-100,0,0)
5-36
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INTRO FUTURE VALUE PRESENT VALUE I&N ANNUITIES RATES/RETURN AMORTIZATION
Excel: =PV(.0404,3,100,0,0)
5-37
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INTRO FUTURE VALUE PRESENT VALUE I&N ANNUITIES RATES/RETURN AMORTIZATION
Loan Amortization
5-38
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INTRO FUTURE VALUE PRESENT VALUE I&N ANNUITIES RATES/RETURN AMORTIZATION
Step 1:
Find the Required Annual Payment
INPUTS 3 4 -1000 0
N I/YR PV PMT FV
OUTPUT 360.35
Excel: =PMT(.04,3,-1000,0,0)
5-39
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INTRO FUTURE VALUE PRESENT VALUE I&N ANNUITIES RATES/RETURN AMORTIZATION
Step 2:
Find the Interest Paid in Year 1
5-40
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INTRO FUTURE VALUE PRESENT VALUE I&N ANNUITIES RATES/RETURN AMORTIZATION
Step 3:
Find the Principal Repaid in Year 1
5-41
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INTRO FUTURE VALUE PRESENT VALUE I&N ANNUITIES RATES/RETURN AMORTIZATION
Step 4:
Find the Ending Balance after Year 1
5-42
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INTRO FUTURE VALUE PRESENT VALUE I&N ANNUITIES RATES/RETURN AMORTIZATION
5-43
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INTRO FUTURE VALUE PRESENT VALUE I&N ANNUITIES RATES/RETURN AMORTIZATION
$
360.35
Interest
320.35
Principal Payments
0 1 2 3
• Constant payments
• Declining interest payments
• Declining balance
5-44
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