Introduction To Computes

Computer System Servicing NCII |Install and configure computer systems
Definition of computer
Types of Personal Computer
Common parts of a Desktop Computer
A computer is an electronic device

that has the capability to
manipulate information or data,
store, retrieve, and process it for
more useful information. It is
programmable so it can responds
to specific instructions or
commands.
Personal Computer
Personal Computer or PC for short
is small and designed for an
individual user.
Desktop Computer
Desktop is a common
term used to describe
a general type of
personal computer
that is not portable
and often placed on or
at someone home or
office desk.
Laptop Computer
Laptop Computer is a small,
portable computer enough to sit
it on your lap. Laptop computers
are more frequently called as
notebook computers, though
technically laptops are
somewhat larger in size than
notebooks in both thickness and
weight. Portable computers run
off AC power and also have the
ability to run of battery pack for
a few hours.
Netbook
Netbook is a small
portable computing
device, similar to a
notebook. However,
it has a smaller form
factor. Most Netbook
nowadays have the
same performance
with other Notebook.
PDA
Originally this size
was developed to
handle specific tasks,
a handheld device or
mobile device that
functions as personal
information manager.
Desktop Computer is designed to fit securely on top

of a desk, or a working table usually with the
monitor sitting on top of the computer.
System Unit
System Unit is the main body
of a desktop computer which
is typically consisting of a
metal or plastic enclosure
containing all the essential
parts of the personal
computer.
FORM FACTOR OF SYSTEM UNIT
the form factor is the size, configuration, or physical arrangement of a computer
hardware object. The term is commonly used in describing the size and/or
arrangement of a computer case or chassis
Full Tower
Full-tower cases are

generally big with a
height that is about
or more than 30
inches (more than
76 cm). The number
of internal drive bays
inside these cases
can be between 6
and 10.
HAF Stacker 935

Mid Tower
Another case that might be a

step down, would be
classified as a mid tower
case. Mid-tower cases are the
most widely used computer
cases. Mid Tower cases are
about 18 to 24 (45 to 60 cm)
inches high and they usually
contain 2 to 4 internal drive
bays and a similar number of
external bays (for CD/DVD
readers and similar).
Centurion 6
Mini Tower
Mini-tower usually
have up to 2 or
sometimes 3 internal
drive bays. Mini-
cases normally stand
at a height of 12 to
18 inches (30 to 45
cm). Expandability is
a problem with these
cases.
Cooler Master Elite 241 - USB 2

FORM FACTOR OF SYSTEM UNIT
Slim Line Case
Slim Line Computer

Case
Slim line cases are

simply tower cases
turned on their sideways.
They can hold a monitor
on top of the case. Lenovo ThinkCentre M91
Small Form Factor (SFF) Case
Small form factor or SFF cases are custom cases that are
designed to minimize the spatial volume of a desktop
computer. SFFs are available in a variety of sizes and shapes,
including shoe boxes, cubes, and book-sized PCs.
Monitor
Monitor is a visual display unit, which
shows images generated from the video
adapter of a computer. Computer monitor
nowadays have two types. The CRT
(Cathode Ray Tube) monitor which is a
big, like a tube television, and consume a
lot of space in a table; however, it is the
least expensive monitor option. The LCD
(Liquid Crystal Display) and LED (Light
Emitting Diode) monitor is thin and saves
energy, but costs more.
What to Consider in buying a desktop monitor?
1. Manufacturer and Model name
Example:
The ASUS VS239H-P

Here, ASUS is the
Manufacturer
VS239H-P is the Model Name
Popular Manufacturer and newer Model will be more expensive.

2. Ports or Plug-ins used to connect in system unit.
Example: At the back of ASUS VS239H-P the 3-pin AC

port sit the HDMI, DVI-D, VGA and audio-out ports.
Monitor with complete Plug-ins will be more expensive.
Types of Data Cable used by computer monitor
VGA (Video Graphic Array) Cable
VGA (video
graphics array)
has been around
the longest. VGA
is an analog
signal, meaning
the quality may
not be as high as
with other cables,
especially at high
resolutions.
VGA Port
DVI (Digital Video Interface) Cable
DVI (digital video

interface) has been on
graphics cards for many
years now, but is still very
common. Almost all LCD
displays have a DVI port.
Because DVI is a digital
connection, the signal will
be higher quality than
VGA.
There are several different types of DVI connectors.
They're mostly intercompatible, but not always. DVI-A
carries only an analog signal (and is therefore rarely
useful). DVI-D carries only a digital signal. DVI-I carries
both, and can be used with DVI-VGA adapters. DVI-I
connectors are the most versatile, as they can be used
for either digital or analog signals as necessary.
There are also two link modes. Almost all DVI cables
are single-link, which supports a practical resolution of
up to 1920x1200. Dual-link cables can support
resolutions up to 2560x1600, and are typically only
used for very high resolution displays. Most (but not all)
graphics cards with a DVI output do support dual-link
DVI.
DVI Port
HDMI (Video Graphic Array) Cable
HDMI (high definition media

interface) is a newer port, but is
100% compatible with digital DVI
signals. You can get cheap DVI-
>HDMI and HDMI->DVI cables
and adapters (not converters,
because there's nothing to
convert). HDMI has the
advantage of being able to carry
an audio signal, but this only
works if your card supports
outputting HDMI audio and your
monitor has built-in speakers
can can receive audio over
HDMI.
HDMI Port
Power Plug for Computer Monitor
3. Size and Resolution. The bigger the monitor, the
better, and of course the higher its price.
5×4 – this is a slightly taller
squarish shape that was used
by some 17 & 19 inch LCD
monitors. The resolution was
usually 1280×1024. The 19inch
LCD running 1280×1024 was
the PERFECT set-up for
someone with less than perfect
eye sight. I always
recommended this to my older
clients. Unfortunately they
(19inch 5×4 LCDs not older
clients!) are very hard to come
by any more.
16×9 – this is the aspect
ratio of HDTV. 1080p is
1920×1080 and it’s little
brother 720p is 1280×720.
Computer monitors come in
many different resolutions
with this ratio including:
1920×1080, 1600×900, &

1280×720
16×10 – this in my opinion is the
PERFECT choice. Unfortunately
it is becoming less and less
common as the LCD industry
has found it cheaper and easier
to cut panels in 16×9 sizes
rather than the slightly taller
16×10. So fewer and fewer of
the 16x10s are being produced
at this time. The resolutions in
this shape include:
1920×1200, 1680×1050 &

1280×800
So aside from manufacturer’s name, Size and Plug-In used, these are
the things we should consider in buying a monitor.
Acer S235HL
Monitor - Screen
Size 23",
Resolution 1920 x
1080, Contrast
Ratio 100000000:1,
Response Time
5ms, color : Black -
ET.VS5HP.001
4. Contrast ratio
In reference to computer monitors,
the measurement of the difference
in light intensity between the
brightest white and the darkest
black. cis often used in marketing
computer monitors, where a high
contrast ratio, such as 400:1,
represents a better color
representation (the better the
information will appear against a
darker background) on the monitor
than a lower contrast ratio, such as
150:1.
Mouse
Mouse is also known as
pointing device whose
function is to detect
two-dimensional motion
relative to its supporting
surface.
Types of Computer Mouse
USB Optical Mouse

Types of Computer Mouse
Wireless Mouse
Keyboard
Keyboard is an input device, designed
just like a typewriter keyboard. It is one of
the primary ways we communicate with
the computer and enter data.
Types of Keyboard
PS2 Keyboard
Types of Keyboard
USB Keyboard
Types of keyboard
Wireless Keyboard
PS2
A type of port/connector developed by
IBM for connecting a mouse or
keyboard to a PC. The PS/2 port
supports a mini DIN plug containing
just 6 pins. Most PCs have a PS/2 port
so that the serial port can be used by
another device, such as a modem.
The PS/2 port is often called the
mouse port.
PS2 Connectors
PS2 Ports
PS2 Ports Pinout

USB
Short for Universal Serial Bus, an
external bus standard that
supports data transfer rates of 12
Mbps. A single USB port can be
used to connect up to 127
peripheral devices, such as mice,
modems, and keyboards. USB
also supports Plug-and-Play
installation and hot plugging.
USB 3.0 provides better
speed and more efficient
power management than
USB 2.0. USB 3.0 is
backward compatible
with USB 2.0 devices;
however, data transfer
speeds are limited to
USB 2.0 levels when
these devices inter-
operate. In 2014, a new
standard, USB 3.1, was
released and is expected
to be in widespread use
by 2015.
USB Connector
Types of USB
USB A is the common port used by USB mouse and keyboard.
Speakers
Speakers are external audio
device which is commonly
equipped with a low-power
internal amplifier. The
standard audio connector of
a computer speaker is a
3.5mm (1/8 inch) stereo jack
plug often color-coded lime
green for computer sound
cards.
http://sir-sherwin.blogspot.com | http://pcrepairportal.atspace.tv
Speaker cable jack
Audio Ports
AVR
AVR (Automatic Voltage
Regulator)The role of automatic
voltage regulator's is to reduce the
5 volt signal to the lower voltage
required by the microprocessor.
Other prefers to have UPS
(Uninterrupted Power
Supply)which cost much than AVR
but good enough because it has its
own chargeable battery, enabling
your computer not to shut down in
case of power failure.
References:
http://www.computerhistory.org/
http://www.computerhope.com/
http://www.webopedia.com/
http://www.gcflearnfree.org/
http://pcityourself.com/

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Computer System Servicing NCII |Install and configure computer systems

A computer is an electronic device

Desktop Computer is designed to fit securely on top

Full-tower cases are

HAF Stacker 935

Another case that might be a

Cooler Master Elite 241 - USB 2

Slim Line Computer

Slim line cases are

1. Manufacturer and Model name

The ASUS VS239H-P

VS239H-P is the Model Name

Popular Manufacturer and newer Model will be more expensive.

Example: At the back of ASUS VS239H-P the 3-pin AC

DVI (digital video

HDMI (high definition media

1920×1080, 1600×900, &

1920×1200, 1680×1050 &

USB Optical Mouse

PS2 Ports Pinout

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