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 THE CLASS OF
CHONDRICHTHYES

8th Group:
Suci Indah Cahyani / 1514440017
Nur Afiat Pratiwi / 1514440018
BIOLOGY ICP’15
 About the topics will be discussed

1 What is the meaning of chondrichthyes?

How is the characteristic of

2
Class of chondrichthyes?

Chondrichthyes
3 How is the classification?

4 class chondrichthyes in the role of living

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ABOUT JAWED VERTEBRATES
The chart of chondrichthyes class:
Phylum Superclass
chordata Gnathostomata

classes

Sarcopterygii
Chondrichthyes Actinopterygi
Placodermi Acanthodii (lobe-finned
(cartilaginous (ray-finned
(extinct) (extinct) fishes,
fishes) fishes)
tetrapods)
THE CLASS OF CHONDRICHTHYES

What is the chondrichthyes?

Chondrichthyes is derived from latin

(chondros=cartilage; ichtyes = fish), meaning
a cartilaginous fishes. This is lower class of
vetebrates. Class Chondrichthyes is the fish
backbones form cartilage and that’s the
secondary characteristics.

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 1. Frame of cartilage
2. Some are scaly and some are not
3. There are one pair of gills, five pairs
and seven pairs

THE 4. Location of lateral and ventral gill

slits
5. The mouth is located on the ventral
CHARACT side
6. Some have spiracles and some don't

ERISTICS 7. a pair of fins

8. Don't have a swim bladder
9. A pair of nostrils
10. Separate sex, fertilization
(fertilization) occurs in the body;
ovipar or ovivipar
 THE SISTEMATICS CLASSIFICATION
Class Chondrichthyes classified into two major groups:

Subclass Holochepali (Chimera)

a. Order Callorhinchidae, Plownose
chimeras Subclass Elasmobranchii (Sharks & rays)
b. Order Chimaeridae, Shortnose
1. Super Order Selachii (torpedo-bodied), divided into 4
chimeras
orders, namely:
c. Order Rhinochimaeridae, Longnosed
a. Order of heterodontida (bison-headed shark)
chimaeras
b. Order hexanchida (beef shark
c. Order Lamnida; is a hammer-headed shark, for
example Sphirna tudes
d. Order squalida; is a dog-headed shark
2. Super Order Hypotrematica, consisting of:
a. Order of Rajida; has a dorso ventral body, flat
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shark
 Subclass: Elasmobranchii
Torpedo electric stingrays (order rajiformes
and subkelas elasmobranchii) with the
anatomy of the electric organs appear from
The Power
the dorsal part and the head opened .
 derived from the word elasmos which means
plate and the word branchia means gill. Various
sharks, electric stingrays (rays), skates are
included in the subclass elasmobranchii.
 The main feature of subclass elasmobranchii is
that it has placoid scales or some species do
not have scales
 there are 5-7 gill and gill arches which are
located in separate septum along the pharynx.
 Among these examples of subclass fish are
Squalus and Raja
 In the body of an electric stingray, there is an
electric organ shaped like a disc, composed of
multinucleate cells called electrocytes.
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 Subclass: Holocephalii
 Subclass: Holocephali, comes from the word
holo which means whole, and cephala which
means head.
 One example of this subclass is Chimaera or
rat fish, but there are also those who call it
ghostfish.
 The main characteristic subclass of
Holocephali is the gill slit which is covered by
the operculum, the jaw has tooth plates, the
single nostril, the body without scales, has an
additional organ clasper in the male or
myxopterygium, the lateral line is an open arch.
Chimaera or rat fish.  Example: Chimaera fish, and Hydrolagus..
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Subclass Elasmobranchii
cartilage fish consists of order lamniformes which
include various types of sharks, and order
rajiformes which include various types of
stingrays
• a, b are benthic stingrays;
• c, d are pelagic stingrays.
• a. Ordinary king of stingrays;
• b. Stinging stinging fish;
• c. Actobatus eagle stingray;
• d. Manta giant stingray: exclusive food,
zooplankton.
The form of expansion of the front to eye fins has
been designed to help collect water, as a channel
while filtering the food that enters the mouth
when sliding in sea water
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 Subclass Holocephalii

Carcharodon carci

Sharks have an elongated body shape like a torpedo, heterocercal tails divide
in two parts unequally, gill slits are located on the lateral side of the head. The
shape of the flat stingray's body widens like a kite, the tail is like a whip, the
gill slits are located on the ventral side of the head

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species of subclass Holocephalii

Order Callorhinchide: Plownose chimeras

Order Chimaeridae, Shortnose chimeras

Order Rhinochimaeridae, Longnosed chimaeras

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 Speciess of Subclass Elasmobranchii
Super Order Selachii

Order Lamnida; is
Order of
a hammer-headed
heterodontida (bison- Order hexanchida shark, (Sphirna
headed shark) (beef shark) Order squalida; is
tudes)
a dog-headed
shark

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Super Order Hypotrematica

Order of Rajida; has a dorso

ventral body, flat shark
Class chondrichthyes in the role of living

• Sharks are hunted for fins, meat, skin, liver oil,

and cartilage, to be used for human benefit
• stingrays are taken by gills to be used as health
tonic ingredients in China.
• As a top-level predator species from this class
can play an important role in maintaining the
health of the marine ecosystem.
• rich in benefits because it is a source of protein
for the body. Besides that it turns out that fish
also contain various substances that are very
beneficial for health.
QUIZZZe
start
Scales on fish belonging to the chondrichthyes group are
scales of a type ...

A. cosmoid

B Ctenoid

C. cycloid

D. placoid
Stingrays which on their bodies have large electrical
devices are marked with discs that are shaped ...
A. narrows

B. widened

C. extends

D. tapered
MANTULLL
Sharks from order lamniformes whose head is shaped like the
letter T, have as many dorsal fins ...

C. three
A. one piece
pieces

D. four
B. two pieces
pieces
 Plownose chimeras is the speciess order of
Callorhinchidae, from subclass Elasmobranchii

T F
 cartilage fish consists of order stingrays
which include various types of sharks, and order
rajiformes which include various types of
Lamniformes

T F
Spinal
………..
Chord
Thank You! 