Chairul Sandro

Hard Sign
 Observed pulsatile bleeding
 Arterial thrill by manual palpation
 Bruit auscultated over or near an area of arterial injury
 Absent distal pulse
 Visible expanding hematoma

 Vascular Trauma : Extremity, Vascular Surgery Rutherford’s 7th Edition, Page 2361
Soft Sign
 Significant hemorrhage by history
 Neurologic abnormality
 Diminished pulse compared with contralateral
extremity
 Proximity of bony injury or penetrating wound

 Vascular Trauma : Extremity, Vascular Surgery Rutherford’s 7th Edition, Page 2361
Thank You