Management

Introduction
The performance of organizations depends to a large
extent on how their resources are allocated and their
ability to adapt to changing conditions.
Successful organizations know how to manage people
and resources efficiently to accomplish organizational
goals and to keep those goals in tune with changes in
the external environment.
Management in the New Millennium

• A firm can be efficient by making

the best use of people, money,
physical plant, and technology.

• It is ineffective if its goals do not

provide a sustained competitive
advantage.

• A firm with excellent goals would

fail if it hired the wrong people,
lost key contributors, relied on
outdated technology, and made
poor investment decisions.
 What is Management ???
Management By Koontz : The process of designing and
maintaining an environment in which individuals,
working together in groups, efficiently to accomplish the
organizational objectives
Management By Henri Fayol : Management is
conduct of affairs of business, moving towards its
objectives through a continuous process of
improvement and optimization of resources.

Management By Mary Parker Follete :

Management is the art of getting things done
through people.
 What is Management
Management by George R Terry : Management is a process
consisting of planning, organizing, directing, and controlling,
performed to determine and accomplish the objectives by use of
people and resources.

Management by ILO : Management is the complex of

continuously coordinated activity by means of which any
undertaking administration/public or private service conducts its
business .

Management by Lawrence A. Apple : Management is guiding

human and physical resources into a dynamic, hard hitting
organization until that attains its objectives to the satisfaction of
those served and with a high degree of morale and sense of
attainment on the part of those rendering the service .
 Nature & Characteristics of
Management
Nature
• Management is multi disciplinary
• Universal application
• Dynamic nature of Principles of management
• Decision Making
• Management Principles are relative and not absolute
• It is a Discipline/Career/Profession
• Management is a Science and an Art as well
Important Characteristics of Management
• It should be stable
• It should be applicable to all kinds of organizations
• It is transparent
• Its approaches are very clear and goal oriented
• It should be simple yet effective
• It should be responsive to economic, technological,
social, political factors that affect the areas of operation
• It should have well defined goals
• It should have good planning, organizing, staffing,
directing and controlling functions
 Scope of Management
• Management plans the activities, coordinates
and utilizes the available resources effectively
and efficiently at minimum cost.
• The scope of management not limited to only
business organization [Manufacturing], but
extended to hospitals, education, financial
organizations, govt. offices [service sectors]
• Include distribution management, marketing,
personnel, production, purchase, transport,
sales, supply chain, Database, security …..
 Functions of Management

1.Planning
 Planning
• The management function that
assesses the management
environment to set future
objectives and map out activities
necessary to achieve those
objectives.

• To be effective, the objectives of

individuals, teams, and
management should be coordinated
to support the firm’s mission.
 Functions of Management

2.Organizing
 Organizing
• The management function that
determines how the firm’s human,
financial, physical, informational,
and technical resources are
arranged and coordinated to
perform tasks to achieve desired
goals.

• The deployment of resources to

achieve strategic goals.
 Functions of Management

3.Staffing
 Functions of Management
4.Directing
 Leading
• The management function that energizes
people to contribute their best
individually and in cooperation with
other people.
• This involves:
Clearly communicating organizational
goals
Inspiring and motivating employees
Providing an example for others to
follow
Guiding others
Creating conditions that encourage
management of diversity
 Functions of Management

5.Controlling
 Controlling
• The management function that
measures performance, compares it
to objectives, implements necessary
changes, and monitors progress.

• Many of these issues involve

feedback or identifying potential
problems and taking corrective
action.
 Functional areas of Management

• Production: Purchasing, Materials Management, R&D

• Marketing: Market Research and advertising, Sales

Management

• Finance and Accounting: Costing, Investment

Management, Taxation

• Personnel: Recruitment, Selection, Training &

Development, Wage & Salary Administration,
Performance Appraisal
 Roles of Manager
• The figurehead role (performing ceremonial and social
duties as the organization’s representative)
• The leader role
• The liaison role (particularly with outsiders). The
recipient role/ Monitoring role (receiving information
about the operation of an enterprise)
• The disseminator role (passing information to
subordinates)
• The spokesperson role (transmitting information to
those outside the organization).
• The negotiator role