Factors that have influenced

changes in ICT
 INFORMATION
COMMUNICATION
TECHNOLOGY

REFERS TO ALL TECHNOLOGY

THAT IS USED TO HANDLE
TELECOMMUNICATION AND
ACCESS INFORMATION.
INTERNET
Is a computer network connecting millions
of computers all over the world.

Vint Cerf -widely known as a “Father of the

Internet”
World-Wide-Web (WWW)
 Tim Bernes-Lee invented the World-
Wide-Web or web
 It is an open-source
information space where
documents(formatted and
annotated using HTML and
other web resources) are
identified by Uniform
Resource Locators (URLs).
HTML
Hypertext Markup Language, a
standardized system for tagging text
files to achieve font, color, graphic, and
hyperlink effects on World Wide Web
pages.
A URL (Uniform Resource Locator) is a
form of URI and is a standardized naming
convention for addressing documents
accessible over the Internet and Intranet.
An example of a URL is 
https://www.computerhope.com/, which is
the URL for the Computer Hope website.
Uniform Resource Identifier, URI is
defined in RFC (Request For
Comments) 1630 as a reference to
addresses, names, or objects that
apply to registered protocols or name
spaces on the Internet. For example,
URL and URN are forms of Uniform
Resource Identifiers.
HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol) is the set
of rules for transferring files (text, graphic
images, sound, video, and other multimedia
files) on the World Wide Web. As soon as a
Web user opens their Web browser, the user
is indirectly making use of HTTP. HTTP is an
application protocol that runs on top of the 
TCP/IP suite of protocols (the foundation
protocols for the Internet).
Evolution of the Web
WEB 1.0
IT IS THE
I

READABLE PHASE
OF THE WORLD
WIDE WEB
 WEB 1.0:
When the World Wide Web was invented,
most web pages were static. Static (also
known as flat page or stationary page) in
the sense that the page is “as is” and
cannot be manipulated by the user. The
content is also the same for all users. This
is referred to as Web 1.0.
WEB 2.0
IT IS THE WRITABLE
PHASE OF THE
WORLD WIDE WEB
Web 2.0 - “describes World
Wide Web sites that emphasize
user-generated content,
usability, and interoperability.
The term was popularized by Tim
O'Reilly and Dale Dougherty at
the O'Reilly Media Web 2.0
Conference in late 2004, though
it was coined by Darcy DiNucci in
1999.”
 Web 2.0 was the
Read-write Web, Web
of Interaction, or
Participative Web.
 Web 2.0 allows users to interact
with the page: instead of just reading
a page, the user may be able to
comment or create a user account.
Web 2.0 also allows users to use web
browsers instead of just using their
operating system. Browsers can now
be used for their user interface,
application software (or web
Most websites that
we visit today are
Web 2.0.
 These are social networking
sites, blogs,folksonomies,
wikis, video sharing sites,
hosted services, web
applications, and mashups
 FEATURES OF WEB 2.0
1.Folksonomy. It allows users to
categorize and classify/arrange
information using freely chosen
keywords (e.g., tagging). Popular
social networking sites such as
Twitter, Instagram, Facebook, etc.
use tags that start with the pound
sign (#). This is also referred to as
hashtag.
2. Rich User Experience. Content
is dynamic and is responsive to
user’s input. An example would be a
website that shows local content. In
the case of social networking sites,
when logged on, your account is used
to modify what you see in their
website.
 FEATURES OF WEB 2.0
3.Long Tail. Services are offered on
demand rather than on a one-time
purchase. In certain cases, time-based
pricing is better than file-size-based
pricing or vice versa. This is synonymous
to subscribing to a data plan that charges
you for the amount of time you spent in
the Internet, or a data plan that charges
you for the amount of bandwidth you
used.
4. User Participation. The owner of the
website is not the only one who is able to
put content. Others are able to place a
content of their own by means of
comment, reviews, and evaluation. Some
websites allow readers to comment on an
article, participate in a poll, or review a
specific product (e.g., Amazon.com, online
stores).
 FEATURES OF WEB 2.0
5.Software as a Service. Users will subscribe to a
software only when needed rather than purchasing them.
This is a cheaper option if you do not always need to use
a software. For instance, Google Docs is a free web-
based application that allows the user to create and edit
word processing and spreadsheet documents online.
When you need a software, like a Word Processor, you
can purchase it for a one-time huge amount and install it
in your computer and it is yours forever. Software as a
service allows you to “rent” a software for a minimal fee.
6. Mass Participation. It is a
diverse information sharing through
universal web access. Since most
users can use the Internet, Web
2.0’s content is based on people
from various cultures.
WEB 3.0
IT IS THE EXECUTABLE
PHASE OF THE WORLD
WIDE WEB
Web 3.0 - “a phrase coined by
John Markoff of the New York
Times in 2006, refers to a
supposed third generation of
Internet-based services that
collectively comprise what might
be called ‘the intelligent Web’—
such as those using semantic web,
microformats, natural language
search, data-mining, machine
learning, recommendation agents,
and artificial intelligence
technologies—which emphasize
machine-facilitated understanding
of information in order to provide
a more productive and intuitive
user experience.”
Web 3.0 is also known
as the Semantic Web
or Web of Data
Semantic - relating to meaning in language or logic.
 WEB 3.0 AND THE
SEMANTIC WEB
The Semantic Web is a movement led by the
World Wide Web Consortium (W3C).
The W3C standard encourages web
developers to include semantic content in
their web pages.
 According to the W3C, “The Semantic Web
provides a common framework that allows data
to be shared and reused across application,
enterprise, and community boundaries.”

The aim of Web 3.0 is to have machines (or

servers) understand the user’s preferences to
be able to deliver web content specifically
targeting the user.
A Web 3.0 search engine
could find not only the
keywords in your search, but
also interpret the context
of your search.
 Several problems of Web 3.0
1. Compatibility
HTML files and current web browsers could
not support Web 3.0.
2. Security
The user’s security is also in question since
the machine is saving his or her preferences.
3. Vastness
The World Wide Web already contains
billions of web pages.
4. Vagueness
Certain words are imprecise. The words
“old” and “small” would depend on the user.

5. Logic
Since machines use logic, there are
certain limitations for a computer to be
able to predict what the user is referring
to at a given time.
Web 1.0/2.0/3.0 Summary
Crawl Walk Run
Web 1.0 Web 2.0 Web 3.0
Read - Only Read - Write Portable and
Personal
Company Focus Community Individual
Focus Focus
Owning Sharing Consolidating
Content Content Content
Web Forms Web Smart
Applications Applications
Web 1.0/2.0/3.0 Summary
Crawl Walk Run
Web 1.0 Web 2.0 Web 3.0
Directories Tagging User Behavior
Page Views Cost Per Click User
Engagement
Banner Interactive Behavioral
Advertising Advertising advertising
Britannica Wikipedia The Semantic
Online Web
HTML/Portals XML/RSS RDF/RDFS/
OWL