CHALLENGE IN GEOPOLITICS What is sustainable development? SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
Meeting the needs of the present
without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs (Brundtland Commission Report, 1987) SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
The ability of a system to
continue working (and evolving) over the long term (AtKisson, 2015) Where did the idea of “Sustainable Development” come from? HISTORY OF SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
1972 - United Nations
Conference on the Human Environment, Stockholm, Sweden
1987 - World Commission
on Environment and Development (Brundtland Commission) HISTORY OF SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
1992 - United Nations
Conference on Environment and Development (UNCED), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil (“Earth Summit”) HISTORY OF SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
2000 - United Nations Millennium Summit, New York,
USA (Adoption of the Millennium Development Goals/ MDGs) HISTORY OF SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT HISTORY OF SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
2012 - United Nations
Conference on Sustainable Development, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil (Rio+20 Summit) HISTORY OF SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT What is the role of sustainable development in geopolitics? SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT AND GEOPOLITICS
“The world must quickly design strategies that will
allow nations to move from their present, often destructive, processes of growth and development onto sustainable development paths.”
- Brundtland Commission Report, 1987
SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT AND GEOPOLITICS
“This will require policy changes in all countries, with
respect both to their own development and to their impacts on other nations' development possibilities.”
- Brundtland Commission Report, 1987
SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT AND GEOPOLITICS
According to the Brundtland Commission Report, the
pursuit of sustainable development requires:
• a political system that secures effective citizen
participation in decision making, • an economic system that is able to generate surpluses and technical knowledge on a self-reliant and sustained basis, SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT AND GEOPOLITICS
According to the Brundtland Commission Report, the
pursuit of sustainable development requires:
• a social system that provides for solutions for the
tensions arising from disharmonious development. • a production system that respects the obligation to preserve the ecological base for development, SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT AND GEOPOLITICS
According to the Brundtland Commission Report, the
pursuit of sustainable development requires:
• a technological system that can search
continuously for new solutions. • an international system that fosters sustainable patterns of trade and finance. and • an administrative system that is flexible and has the capacity for self-correction. SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT AND GEOPOLITICS
Why Nations Fail (Acemoglu and
Robinson, 2012)
• Inclusive vs. Extractive political
and economic institutions • Pluralistic distribution of power • Feedback loops • Innovation