 The Commonwealth Games is an international, multi-sport

event involving athletes from the Commonwealth of

Nations.
 The event was first held in 1930 and has taken place every
four years ever since (except 1942 and 1946 which were
cancelled).
 The games are described as the third largest multi-sport
event in the world, after the Olympic Games and the Asian
Games.
 The games are overseen by the Commonwealth Games
Federation (CGF), which also controls the sporting
programme and selects the host cities. A host city is selected
for each edition and 18 cities in seven countries have hosted
the event.
 Apart from many Olympic sports, the games also include some sports
that are played mainly in Commonwealth countries, such as lawn
bowls, and netball.
 Only six teams have attended every Commonwealth Games: Australia,
Canada, England, New Zealand, Scotland, and Wales. Australia has
been the highest achieving team for eleven games, England for seven,
and Canada for one
 To ensure the successful organisation and celebration
of the Commonwealth Games and to promote the best
interests of athletes participating in them and to assist
in the development of sport throughout the
Commonwealth.
 Roles of CGF:-

To establish rules and regulations for the conduct
of the Commonwealth Games which conform
with the technical rules of the IFs governing the
sports concerned, as may be modified and
applied by the Federation to ensure that the
overriding principles of the Commonwealth
Games are observed.
To promote Commonwealth sporting
competitions and establish rules for other sports
events (including cultural activities and festivals
attached to such events)including but not
restricted to such events as the Commonwealth
Youth Games and Commonwealth
Championships.

To promote the Commonwealth

Games, which shall be held every
four years and shall be open to
eligible competitors representing
Affiliated CGAs

To promote the shared values of integrity, fair

To encourage and assist sport and sport
development and physical recreation throughout
the Commonwealth.
play, competence, commitment to excellence,
respect for gender equality and tolerance,
including the fight against the use in sport of
drugs and of unhealthy or performance
enhancing substances.
 The Commonwealth Games was formerly known
as British Empire Games during 1930-1954.

 Then known as British Empire and

Commonwealth Games during 1954-1970.

 Lastly known as British Commonwealth Games

during 1970-1978.

 Reverend Astley Cooper in 1891 proposed a

sporting competition which bringing together
the members of the British Empire.
 He wrote an article in The Times suggesting a "Pan-
Britannic-Pan-Anglican Contest and Festival every four
years as a means of increasing goodwill and good
understanding of the British Empire".

 In 1911, the Festival of the Empire was held in London to

celebrate the coronation of King George V.

 As part of the festival, an Inter-Empire Championships was

held in which teams from Australia, Canada, South Africa,
and the United Kingdom competed in events such as
boxing, wrestling, swimming, and athletics.
 In 1928, Melville Marks Robinson of Canada was asked to organise the
first British Empire Games; these were held in 1930, in Hamilton,
Ontario, and women competed in the swimming events only. From
1934, women also competed in some athletics events.

 The first Commonwealth Paraplegic Games were held alongside the

Commonwealth Games from 1962 to 1974.

 Athletes with a disability were then first included in exhibition events

at the 1994 Commonwealth Games in Victoria, British Columbia, and,
at the 2002 Manchester Games, they were included as full members of
their national teams, making them the first fully inclusive international
multi-sport games. This meant that results were included in the medal
count.
 The Empire Games flag was donated in 1931 by the British Empire
Games Association of Canada. The year and location of subsequent
games were added until the 1950 games. The name of the event was
changed to the British Empire and Commonwealth Games and the flag
was retired as a result.
 HOST NATION
Host
Year Host City Start Date End Date Sports Events
Nation
BRITISH EMPIRE GAMES

1930 Hamilton Canada 16 August 23 August 6 59

1934 London England 4 August 11 August 6 68

1938 Sydney Australia 5 February 12 February 7 71

New
1950 Auckland 4 February 11 February 9 88
Zealand

Year Host City Host Nation Start Date End Date Sports Events

BRITISH EMPIRE AND COMMONWEALTH GAMES

1954 Vancouver Canada 30 July 7 August 9 91

1958 Cardiff Wales 18 July 26 July 9 94

1962 Perth Australia 22 November 1 December 9 104

1966 Kingston Jamaica 4 August 13 August 9 110

BRITISH COMMONWEALTH GAMES

1970 Edinburgh Scotland 16 July 25 July 9 121

1974 Christchurch New Zealand 24 January 2 February 9 121

CONT..
Year Host City Host Nation Start Date End Date Sports Events

Commonwealth Games
1978 Edmonton Canada 3 August 12 August 10 128
30
1982 Brisbane Australia 9 October 10 142
September
1986 Edinburgh Scotland 24 July 2 August 10 163
New
1990 Auckland 24 January 3 February 10 204
Zealand
1994 Victoria Canada 18 August 28 August 10 217
Kuala 11 21
1998 Malaysia 15 213
Lumpur September September
2002 Manchester England 25 July 4 August 17 281
2006 Melbourne Australia 15 March 26 March 16 245
2010 Delhi India 3 October 14 October 17 272
2014 Glasgow Scotland 23 July 3 August 17 261
2018 Gold Coast Australia 4 April 15 April -
 There are a total of 21 sports (with two multi-disciplinary
sports) and a further seven para-sports which are approved
by the Commonwealth Games Federation.
 They are categorised into three types.
 Core sports must be included on each programme.
 A number of optional sports may be picked by the host
nation, which may include some team sports such as
basketball.
 Recognised sports are sports which have been approved
by the CGF but which are deemed to need expansion; host
nations may not pick these sports for their programme
until the CGF's requirements are fulfilled.
 CONT..
Sports Types Years Sports Types Years
Archery Optional 1982, 2010 Netball Core 1998–present
Athletics Core 1930–present Rowing Optional 1930, 1938–1962, 1986
Badminton Core 1966–present Rugby Union Sevens Core 1998–present
Basketball Optional 2006, 2018 Shooting Optional 1966, 1974–present
Boxing Core 1930–present Squash Core 1998–present
Cricket Recognised 1998 Swimming Core 1930–present
Cycling Optional 1934–present Synchronized
Optional 1986, 2006
Diving Optional 1930–present Swimming
Fencing Recognised 1950–1970 Table Tennis Optional 2002–present
Gymnastics Tennis Optional 2010
(Artistic and Optional 1978, 1990–present Ten-Pin Bowling Recognised 1998
Rhythmic)
Triathlon Optional 2002, 2006, 2014
Handball Recognised 1930
Water Polo Recognised 1950
Hockey Core 1998–present
Weightlifting Core 1950–present
Judo Optional 1990, 2002, 2014
1930–present (except
1930–present Wrestling Optional
Lawn bowls Core 1990,1998 and 2006
(except 1966)
 Malaysia joined the Commonwealth in 1957 and made
their debut in the 1966 Commonwealth Games in
Kingston, Jamaica at which they won a total of 5
medals.

 Lying north of the equator and Singapore in South East

Asia and south of Thailand, Malaysia has taken part in
all Commonwealth Games since their debut, bar the
1986 edition in Edinburgh.
 Malaysia has won medals in every Games that they have attended,
with particular successes in Badminton. Their biggest haul of gold
and silver medals however came in 1998 when Kuala Lumpur, the
capital, became the first Asian city to host the Commonwealth
Games. At the 2010 Games in Delhi Malaysia won a total of 36
medals, 12 of these were gold.

 Recognition of the country's National Olympic Committee came in

May 1954, although the Olympic Council of Malaysia (OCM) was
not formed until 5 May 1963. Today, the OCM is responsible for
Malaysia's participation in the Commonwealth Games,
Commonwealth Youth Games and Olympic Games.
 The 1998 XVI Commonwealth Games were
held in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia from 11 to 21
September 1998. The 1998 games were the
first held in an Asian country and the last
Commonwealth Games of the 20th century.
A record 70 nations (34 of which collected
medals) competed, with 3,638 athletes
participating.
 The 16th Commonwealth Games opening ceremony took place on 11
September 1998 at 17:30 MST (UTC+08:00).
 Contrary to tradition, the games were not officially opened by the
Malaysian head of state, Yang di Pertuan Agong Tuanku Jaafar because he
was unable to arrive to the stadium in time. Instead, the Prime Minister of
Malaysia, Tun Dr. Mahathir bin Mohamad, opened the games.
 The venue for the opening and closing ceremonies was the newly built
National Stadium Bukit Jalil, a 100,000-spectator capacity stadium. The
theme song "Malaysiaku Gemilang" was sung by Malaysian pop singers.
 The games featured 15 sports with 3638 events, and 70 countries in the
Commonwealth of Nations competed.
 The theme of the six-hour long opening ceremony was 'Unity towards
Progress,' which was conveyed through dance, music, and intricate
human graphics.
 The end of the ceremony featured fireworks of various colours and
shapes--forming hoops, flowers, and fountains.
 The logo for these games was inspired by the national
flower of Malaysia, the hibiscus, and was the first time
that the colour yellow was introduced in the logo.
 The official mascot for the games was Wira (Malay for
"warrior" or "hero") the orang utan.
 The 16th Commonwealth Games' host newly introduced
team sports of cricket, field hockey, netball and rugby
sevens and individuals sports of ten-pin bowling and
squash, while of athletics, badminton, boxing, cycling,
gymnastics, lawn bowls, shooting, swimming and
weightlifting to make a total of 15-different categories of
events.
 The game concluded on 21 September 1998. At the center of the field, two "sports
sculpture" performers rise gradually and show different athletic gestures slowly in
the air, conveying the noble Commonwealth Games spirit.
 Other Malaysian dance were performed while the Main Stage in tune with the
rhythm of the song form was primarily a Malaysia Day and Hari Merdeka entered
the stadium, flew around the athletes and danced with all athletes in the stadium
and millionaire marshals in tune with the rhythm of the song of folk music
ethnics based in Kuala Lumpur forming a spectacular dance circle.
 Finally, Malaysian festivals performers in festive clothes, millionaire performers of
minority ethnic groups, millionaire Malaysian dance performances, millionaire
collectors of launched red silk and Petronas Towers and Kuala Lumpur Tower
performers threw the Wira lucky cloud yarn strips into the stadium, interacting
with the athletes. At the same time, innumerable dazzling fireworks were
launched from the top of the "bowl rim".
 Then, numerous festival fireworks formed a huge circle of fireworks, symbolising
the successful conclusion of 1998 Commonwealth Games.
 MEDALS AND RANK
Games Gold Silver Bronze Total Rank
1966 Kingston 2 2 1 5 12
1970 Edinburgh 1 1 1 3 15
1974
1 0 3 4 15
Christchurch
1978 Edmonton 1 2 1 4 12
1982 Brisbane 1 0 1 2 13
1986 Edinburgh 0 0 0 0 14
1990 Auckland 2 2 0 4 10
1994 Victoria 2 2 2 6 14
1998 Kuala
10 13 12 35 4
Lumpur
2002 Manchester 7 9 18 34 8

2006 Melbourne 7 12 10 29 8
2010 Delhi 12 10 13 36 7
Total 46 52 63 161 11

Malaysia host in 1998

 ACHIEVEMENTS
Games Records held by Malaysia
Event Games Athlete / Team Result
Tenpin Bowling
Doubles - Men 1998 Malaysia 3552 points
Singles - Men 1998 Kenny Ang 6046 points
Weightlifting
Amirul Hamizan
- 56kg - Men 2010 257.0
Ibrahim
- 62kg - Men 2010 Aricco JUMITIH 276.0
56kg Clean and Jerk - Amirul Hamizan
2002 145.00 kg
Men Ibrahim
Amirul Hamizan
56kg Snatch - Men 2002 115.00 kg
Ibrahim
 The Commonwealth Games in 2014 will be a spectacular
display of world-class sporting talent.
 It provide the number of people getting active and making
use of the facilities available in communities.
 Sport is a key part of the Commonwealth’s identity, and
Commonwealth heads of government have recognised the
benefits of physical activity and the importance of sport as
an effective instrument for social and economic
development.
 Promote a unique, friendly, world class Commonwealth
Games and develop sport for the benefit of the people, the
nations and the territories of the Commonwealth, and
thereby strengthen the Commonwealth.
 Razif & Jalani Sidek
“Double Trouble”

 Razif and Jalani Sidek first came to the fore during the 1976
MSSM Under-15 meet where they worked their way to becoming
champions.
 Together, Razif and Jalani were a formidable team. They made the
nation sit up and take notice when they won the All England
Championships in 1982, ending Malaysia’s drought since 1966.
That same year, they won the World Open, making them a
household name. They were also instrumental in helping
Malaysia regain the Thomas Cup in 1992 after a lapse of 25 years.
 The Sidek brothers won almost every title on offer during their
playing career, including the World Grand Prix, Malaysian Open,
SEA Games, Commonwealth Games, China Open and Indonesian
Open. The doubles pair also won a bronze at the Barcelona
Games in 1992 – Malaysia’s first ever Olympic medal.
 1990 - Commonwealth Games [Gold medal]
CONT..
Abdul Rashid Sidek

 Growing up with a support system that revolved around Badminton, Rashid

Sidek became a walking proof for one of the most uplifting sportsmen in his era.
As the youngest among the famous Sidek brothers, Rashid Sidek became a
sought after badminton player, winning numbers of titles during his
commitment. Born on July 8, 1968, in Banting, Selangor, Rashid became the
youngest player to win the National Junior Badminton Championship in 1980 at
the age of 12. Under the guidance of his father, Rashid and the rest of his siblings
were trained to be champions.
 Rashid Sidek won the Malaysian Open title three years consecutively during the
year 1990, 1991, and 1992. The highlight of 1990 is when the youngest Sidek
sibling won the gold medal for the Men’s Single during the Commonwealth
Games held in Auckland.
 He was known by many as “jaguh kampung”
 1990 Commonwealth Games Auckland, New Zealand (Singles) – Gold
 1994 Commonwealth Games Victoria Canada (Singles) – Gold
CONT..
Cheah Soon Kit & Yap Kim Hock

 Cheah Soon Kit and Yap Kim Hock combined to win

the first ever-silver medal for Malaysia in the 1996
Atlanta Olympic Games. The crack badminton
doubles pair achieved this after a first round bye ,by
beating a Chinese, a Korean and an Indonesian pair to
advance from round of 16 to the final. In the final, they
lost a hard fought 3-set match to Rexy Mainaxy and
Ricky Subagja of Indonesia.
 Commonwealth Games 1990 (Silver), 1994 (Gold),
1998 (Silver)
CONT..
Alex Lim Keng Liat

 In 1996, at the tender age of 16 years, Alex Lim Keng Liat was
awarded an Olympic Solidarity Scholarship to study and train at
the Bolles High School, Jacksonville, Florida, USA. His
improvement was immediate by qualifying for the Atlanta 1996
Olympic Games.

 At the Manchester 2002 Commonwealth Games, Alex Lim became

the first and only Malaysian swimmer win a silver medal in the
Commonwealth Games when he finished 0.02 seconds behind the
World Champion, Matt Welsh in the 50m Backstroke. He also won
a bronze medal in the 100m Backstroke at the above Games.
CONT..
Tan Aik Huang
"Malaysian True Hero"

 Born in 1945, at only 18, he joined the Malaysian team to play in

Thomas cup for four times in 1963 to 1973. It was in 1966 where the
Commonwealth Games was held in Jamaica, and badminton was first
introduced in the Games. Due to its first appearance in the Games, Tan
Aik Huang’s medals were Malaysia’s only golds brought back home
after the country’s participation in Commonwealth Games for 16 years.

 1966 - British Commonwealth Games Badminton Winner for Single

and Double titles
CONT..
Rosalind Singha Ang

 The 1964 Malaysia Open witnessed her first of many other winnings along with
Teoh Siew Yong in women’s doubles. She later crafted her way through this annual
badminton event by winning the women’s singles in 1965. The same year where she
held and claimed the women’s doubles title too. This was the start of her golden
affair with the SEAP Games until 1975. Though she had to settle for the singles
silver. In 1967, she won the doubles gold with Teoh and repeated the effort in 1969.

 However, the most memorable triumph Rosalind made was the capturing of the
1966 Asian Games in Bangkok. She was a greenhorn and partnered with Teh Kew
San in the mixed doubles. They did well to reach the final and were up against the
Malaysian giants Eddy Choong and Tan Gaik Bee. Taking the first serve but it was
tapped with such ferocity by Eddy that the shuttle hit her head, though was shaken
aback but her partner Kew San told to not fall for the intimidation and believe in
herself.
 1966 British Empire and Commonwealth Games (Doubles) – Bronze
 1970 British Commonwealth Games (Doubles) – Bronze
CONT..
Sylvia Ng

 The only Malaysian woman to have won the singles

gold at the Commonwealth Games. Born on Sept.
24, 1949, in Johor Bharu, the highlight of Sylvia’s
career was when she won the gold at the 1978
Commonwelath Games in Edmonton, Canada.
Named Sportswoman of the Year in 1975 and 1978.
Sylvia was the national champion six times in her
illustrious career, the last being in 1980, after which
she called it quits.