Chapter 2

Nation and Nationalism

 Nation-State (a state ruling over governing a
nation)

• Nation = the people/the community

• State = The Territory
 Nation-Nationalism

Nationalism= loyalty and devotion to a

nation
There are 3 theories:
Primordialism
Modernity
Constructivist approach
 Primordialism – argument contends
that nations are ancient
This theory states that national
identity has always existed and nations
have ethnic cores
 Modernity- is defined as a condition of social
existence that is significantly different to all past
forms of human experience, while
modernization refers to the transitional process
of moving from “traditional” or “primitive”
communities to modern societies

This theory states that nation, national

identity and nationalism are products of the
modern condition
 Constructivist approach
Constructivism= a theory where problem
solving is at the heart of learning, thinking, and
development
Theory states that nationalism is socially
constructed and imagined by people who identify
with a group
 Imagined communities
(benedict Anderson 2003) he traces the history of
these imagined communities to the enlightenment
when European society began challenging the
supposed divinely ordained dynastic regimes of the
monarchies. Idea was exemplified the French
revolution (17th century) and to the industrial
revolution (18th century
Nation and bayan
First anti colonial revolution in asia was led
by Andres Bonifacio and the Katipunan.
Scholars note important work of
propagandists like rizal in sustained efforts
to build the nation and enact change in the
Spanish colony
• Sikolohiyang Pilipino • Kapwa “concept”
and bagong kasaysayan supports the unity and
introduce the concept harmony in a community
of kapwa and bayan • Bayan- territory where
people lived/the
community