Human Senses and Human System;

Auditory Sense
. CAGUING | ESCALLAR | LUBANG | PERDON .
INTRODUCTION

Sounds may be heard through solid, liquid and gaseous matter. It is

one of the important traditional senses among the five senses of
human. Hearing or auditory perception, is the ability to perceive
sounds by detecting vibrations, changes in the pressure of the
surrounding medium through time, through an organ such as the ear.
It is important to the study of human factor through ergonomics in
respect of how the human responses to noise. Noise can create
negative emotions, feelings of surprise, frustrations, anger, and fear.
It also affects human in many ways, as noise becomes more intense,
we become more arouse and our performance or certain tasks can
improve. Beyond a certain level of intensity, however, task
performance degrades.
OBJECTIVES

 To represent how a human ear or the sense organ for

hearing operates.

 To describe the various elements of the ear by three (3)

segments.

 To show the series or the flow of how we receive the

sounds.
 THE EAR
THE ORGAN FOR HEARING
THREE MAIN PARTS:
OUTER OR INNER OR INTERNAL
EXTERNAL EAR MIDDLE EAR EAR

RESPONSIBLE FOR RESPONSIBLE FOR RESPONSIBLE FOR

COLLECTING TRANSMITTING RECEIVING SOUND
WAVES AND
SOUND WAVES THE SOUND
TRANSMITTING
WAVES THEM TO THE
BRAIN
OUTER EAR OR EXTERNAL EAR

• PINNA OR AURICLE
- a skin covered cartilage protruding on the side of the head.
Responsible in catching or collecting sound waves.
• AUDITORY MEATUS
- a whole where the pinna is attached. Where the sound waves
enter
• AUDITORY CANAL
- a canal where sound waves travel and reach the eardrum
• TIMPANUM/TYMPANIC MEMBRANE OR EARDRUM
- divides the outer ear from the middle ear. Like a drum that
causes the soundwaves to vibrate to match the sound produced.
MIDDLE EAR

Filled with air and is connected with the Rustacian tube

which permits air pressure inside to stay the same as in
the outside.

CONSIST OF THREE BONES OR OSSICLES

• MALLEUS (HAMMER)
- attached to the tympanic membrane (eardrum)
• INCUS (ANVIL)
• STAPES (STIRRUP)
INNER EAR

Composed of the vestibular portion which has nothing to

do with hearing but with balance, and cochlea (snails)
which is a fluid filled bony structure.

CONSIST OF THREE CANALS

• COCHLEAR CANAL
• TYMPANIC CANAL
• VESTIBULAR CANAL
HOW 1. SOUND WAVES ARE COLLECTED BY THE PINNA
2. TRANSMITTED TO THE AUDITORY CANAL
3. HIT THE TYMPANIC MEMBRANE CAUSING IT TO VIBRATE THE VIBRATION

DO OF THE EARDRUM TO THE MALLEUS

4. THE MALLEUS PASSES THE VIBRATION, IN TURN, TO THE INCUS
5. THE INCUS TRANSMITS THE VIBRATION TO THE STAPES.

WE 6. THEN THE STAPES TRANSMIT THE VIBRATION TO THE OVAL WINDOW

7. THE SOUND WAVES ARE NOW TRANSMITTED TO THE FLUID FILLED
COCHLEA

HEAR
8. VIBRATIONS TRANSMITTED BY THE OVAL WINDOW SET UP MOTIONS OF
THE FLUID THAT BEND BASILAR MEMBRANE, CAUSING THE HAIR CELLS
IN THE ORGAN TO BE STIMULATED

? 9. THE STIMULATION CAUSES THEM TO SEND NEURAL IMPULSES TO THE

BRAIN BY THE WAY OF THE AUDITORY NERVE.