Sociolinguistic

Language
Change

Ranah & Elfaliza

 Language Change is A situation where
phonological, lexical, or grammatical form of
a Language become different from time to
time.
Period of Change
 Reasons for language change

1.The internal reasons

2.The external reasons

Types of change
a. Lexical
b. Grammatical
c. Sound (phonetic & phonemic)
 the lexical change new words are formed or
borrowed, it also changes when old words modify the
sounds, the speelling or the meaning.
 The formation or borrowing
e.g: compact disc, bluetooth, facebook, pizza, hamburger,
yoga, jilbab, tsunami.

The change of sounds and spellings

e.g : the c in cniht (old english) was pronounced, but
when the word transformed in to knight (modern english)
the k is silent

The change of meanings

e.g : holy day (religious)
holiday(any day when we don’t work or school)
NEW
 Grammatical level refers to change in
grammar and vocabulary. In this process,
morphs, combination of morphs or linguistic
pattern are modified there are :

o Morphological change : Language as analogy.

e.g. Midle English : cow plural was kine;
Modern English: cow/cows ; bull/bulls.
o Syntactic change: Lexical words icreasingly
adopt a grammatical function.
e.g. Will meant want
Sound Level dercribes the passage of historical transition
from a given phoneme or group of phonemes to another.

e.g.
Latin Sanskrit English
Pater Pitar Father
Duo Dva Two
Tres Trayas Three

There are two types of changes:

1. Phonetic change : affects the manner of articulations.
2. Phonemic change : affects the pronounciation or sounds
system structures,