SOURCES OF EXTERNAL INFORMATION

• A TOOL THAT CAN BE USED IN THE ALIGNMENT CYCLE

• AIM IS TO GATHER INFORMATION THAT CAN BE USEFUL TO THE FORMULATION OF THE COMPANY
STRATEGY.
TWO CATHEGORIES OF EXTERNAL
INFORMATION
PRIMARY DATA SECONDARY DATA
• MARKET RESEARCH • PERIODICALS NEWS PAPER
• EXPEREMENT
• INTERPERSONAL COMMUNICATION:
• JOURNALS GOVERNMENT DOCUMENT
CUSTOMER SURVEY • REPORTS INTERNET
SPEECH AND MEETING
• ABSTRACT
. INTERVIEW AND CONVERSATION
• BOOKS
STANDARD AND POOR INDUSTRY SURVEY
• CURRENT ENVIRONMENT
• IMDUSTRY TRENDS
• HOW THE INDUSTRY OPERATES
• KEY INDUSTRY RATIOS AND STATISTICS
• HOW TO ANALYZE A COMPANY
• GLOSSARY OF INDUSTRY FIRMS
• ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
• REFERENCES
• COMPARATIVE COMPANY FINANCIAL ANALYSIS
FORCASTING TOOL
• A PLANNING TOOL THAT HELPS MANAGEMENT OR BUSINESS PEOPLE TO COPE UP WITH THE
UNCERTAINTLY OF THE FUTURE,RELYING OF TRENDS.

• FORCATING STARTS WITH CERTAIN ASSUMPTION BASED ON THE MANAGEMENT, EXPERIENCE,

KNOWLEDGE AND EXPERIENCE.
FORCASTING TECHNIQUES
QUALITATIVE FORCASTING QUANTITATIVE FORCASTING

• QUALITATIVE IN NATURE BASE IN THE OPINION OF • QUANTITATIVE/MATHEMATICAL FORMULATION –

PEOPLE. STATISTICAL FORCASTING.
• SUBJECT APPROACH • OBJECT APPROACH
 MAKING ASSUMPTION
• ASSUMPTION IS A STATEMENT THAT IS A PRESUMED TO BE TRUE WITHOUT CONCRETE
EVIDENCE TO SUPPORT IT

.
• “BEST PRESENT ESTIMATES OF THE IMPACT OF MAJOR EXTERNAL FACTORS, OVER WHICH
THE MANAGER HAS LITTLE IF ANY CONTROL, BUT WHICH MAY EXERT A SIGNIFICANT IMPACT
ON PERFORMANCE OR THE ABILITYTO ACHIEVE DESIRED RESULTS - MCCONKEY
THANK YOU!!!😊