Group: Valak

Members:
Helena Londa Sato Sera
Fransiska Romana
Petronela Dwi Intan Dunga Raga
Marselina Kadja Lomi
 Literary works
Oliver Twist, Bleak House,
Hard Times, Great Occupation
Expectations, etc Author
Nationality
Britain
Date of death
9 June 1870

Date of birth
7 February 1812 Complete name
Charles John Huffam
Dickens

AUTHOR’S BACKGROUND
NARRATIVE ELEMENT
NARRATIVE ELEMENT OF THE STORY OF THE STORY
 Setting
 In the afternoon
“Good afternoon,” said Scrooge (pg: 06)
“It’s not my business, “ Scrooge returned. “It’s enough for a man to
understand his own business, and not to interfere with other
people’s. Mine occupies me constantly. Good afternoon,
gentlemen!” (pg: 08)
 In the evening
Scrooge took his melancholy dinner in his usual melancholy
tavern; and having read all the newspapers , and beguiled the
rest of the evening with his banker’s- book, went home to bed.
(pg: 10)
 place: Scrooge’s counting house
Once upon a time- of all the good days in the year, on
Christmas Eve-old Scrooge sat busy in his counting-house.
(pg: 03)
 Plot
 Introduction
One cold Christmas night, Scrooge was not friendly to the people, and then
was rude to his nephew when he invited him to spend Christmas with him.
When Scrooge returned, he was visited by the ghost of his old business
partner, Jacob Marley and then by three ghosts. They are the ghost of the
Past Christmas, Christmas Gifts, and The future of Christmas.
 Conflict 1
Ghost of Christmas Past took Scrooge on a journey through Christmas
from his past, bringing Scrooge to see himself as an unhappy child and
a young man who loved money more than his finance.
 Conflict 2
The ghost of Christmas Present shows Scrooge his clerk, Bob’s family. At Bob’s
house Scrooge saw Tiny Tim, who is very ill, but full of spirit. The ghost then
took him to see his nephew Fred’s Christmas celebrations-which he had
been invited to, but rebuffed.
 Conflict 3
Finally, The Ghost of Christmas Future terrifies Scrooge by showing him visions
of his own death.
 End
When he woke up on Christmas Day, he is full of excitement, and bought the
biggest turkey in the shop for the Bob’s family before spending the day with
his nephew.
 Characters
 Main character
Scrooge
The antagonist person, but at the end of the
story, he is a protagonist one. Scrooge is a
cold, miserly creditor whose redemption to
kindness and selflessness forms the arc of A
Christmas Carol. Scrooge represents the
Victorian rich who neglect the poor and think
only their own well-being.
 The other characters
 Bob’s Cratchit
 Jacob Marley
 Fred (Scrooge’s nephew)
 Tiny Tim
 Bella
 Ghost of Christmas past
 Ghost of Christmas present
 Ghost of Christmas future
 Point of view
Third person (limited omniscient)

Oh! But he was a tight-fisted hand at the grindstone, Scrooge! a

squeezing , wrenching, grasping, scraping, clutching, covetous, old
sinner! Hard and sharp as flint, from which no steel had ever struck out
generous fire; secret, and self-contained, and solitary as an oyster. (pg:
02)

Nobody ever stopped him in the street to say, with gladsome looks, “My
dear Scrooge, how are you?”… (pg: 02)

But what did Scrooge care! It was very thing he liked. To edge his way
along the crowded paths of life, warning all human sympathy to keep its
distance. (pg: 03)
 Conflict

Internal conflict

He struggle with himself, refrained

himself from celebrating Christmas,
even declined his nephew’s invitation
to Christmas together
 Theme: figure of speech, symbolic
meaning

Simile o Old Marley was as dead as a door

o Home is like heaven
Metaphor o Oh! He was a tightfisted hand at the grindstone.
o The dealings of my trade were but a drop of water in the
comprehensive ocean of my business
o Scrooge was the ogre go family
o Oh tell me I may sponge away the writing on this stone

Hyperbole o A squeezing wrenching graphing scraping clutching covetous old

sinner
o Have you had many brothers spirit? More than eighteen hundred
Personification o Even the blinds men’s dogs would wag their tails as though they said
no eye at all is better than an evil eye dark master
o It was bleak biting weather
o The cold became intense piercing searching biting cold
o Want is keenly felt and abundance rejoices
 Symbolic meaning

 Tiny Tim : A symbol for the poor who cannot do anything but still
survive.
 Marley’s Chain: This symbol shows that during his life, Marley was
a greedy person and more concerned with his wealth than his
fellow people who needed it
 Bob Cratchit: Symbolizes the difficulties faced by the lower
classes in England
 The Ghosts of Christmas: Symbolizes experiences in a person’s life
that affect who he/she is
 Suggested ending of the story

After returning from the future with the Ghost of Christmas Future,
Scrooge remained unchanged. He believed that it was all a hoax, because
he believed that ghosts did not exist. He remained greedy and did not help
others in need. Until there was a fire at Scrooge’s house. All his possessions
were also burnt down and Scrooge fell into poverty. He lived under the
bridge and no one wanted to help him until he died of hunger. In the
afterlife, his soul is thrown into hell along with other sinners. It was in hell that
he met Marley. They both regretted their actions during their lives.
 Take-home message

The things we can learn from this story is that we have to be

kind to people in need. Share and give alms to poor
people. If we do that, then our lives will be better in the
afterlife.
THANK YOU