ABDUL REHMAN

WHAT IS WASTE?

• It is defined as:
• Waste is any unwanted or useless materials.
• Waste is also known as rubbish, trash, refuse,
garbage or junk
 SOLID WASTE

“Non-liquid, non-soluble materials ranging from

municipal garbage to industrial wastes that contain
complex and sometimes hazardous substances”.
 TYPE OF SOLID WASTE

Broadly there are 3 types of waste which are as follows:

1. Household waste is generally classified as Municipal waste
2. Industrial waste as Hazardous waste
3. Biomedical waste or Hospital waste as Infectious waste
 • Solid waste management situation in
Pakistan is a matter of grave concern as
more than 5 million people to die each
year due to waste-related diseases.
• In Pakistan roughly 20 million tons of
solid waste is generated annually, with
SOLID WASTE annual growth rate of about 2.4 percent.
MANAGEMENT • Karachi, largest city in the country,
IN PAKISTAN generates more than 9,000 tons of
municipal waste daily.
• All major cities, be it Islamabad, Lahore
or Peshawar, are facing enormous
challenges in tackling the problem of
urban waste.
 CONTRIBUTING FACTORS

Some of the major problems are:

1) There is no proper waste collection system
2) Waste is dumped on the streets
3) Different types of waste are not collected separately
4) There are no controlled sanitary landfill sites. Opening burning is
common.
5) Citizens are not aware of the relationship between reckless waste
disposal and resulting environmental and public health problems
 EFFECTS OF IMPROPER
SOLID WASTE
• Exposure to hazardous waste can affect human health,
children being more vulnerable to these pollutants.
• Ground water pollution
• Air pollution and global warming
• In addition, improper handling of the solid wastes is a
health hazard for the workers who come in direct contact
with the waste.
• If solid wastes are not collected and allowed to
accumulate, they may create unsanitary conditions.
• Many diseases like cholera, diarrhea, dysentery,
plague, gastro-intestinal diseases may spread and
cause loss of human lives.
 SOLUTION

• A Proper solid waste management plan should be prepared and

implemented at each stage of waste generation.
• Waste management is the collection, transport, processing,
recycling or disposal, and monitoring of waste materials
• Four R’s (Refuse, Reuse, Recycle and Reduce) to be followed for
waste management
• A sustainable solid waste management should develop to address
concerns related to environmental aspects regarding
improper disposal of waste
 Solution
HOW TO REDUCE GARBAGE?

THOUGH GARBAGE IS NOT A NEW PROBLEM, PARTICIPATION IN THE

SOLUTION IS.
THERE ARE SEVERAL STEPS THAT COULD GAIN AWARENESS AND HELP:

 Education
 Legal Requirements with Consequences
 Think BEFORE You Buy
 Reusing Products By Recycling
CURRENT ACTIVITIES AND
PROJECTS - PAKISTAN

According to the United Nations Environment Program, following

activities and plans taking place towards an efficient Waste
Management System in Pakistan;
• Solid Waste Management Guidelines (draft) prepared with the
support of Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA), Japan.
• The Urban Unit, Urban Sector Policy & Management Unit P & D
Department, Punjab. Conducting different seminars on awareness
of wastewater, sanitation & solid waste management etc.
• Punjab joins regions where polythene bags are illegal and stiff fines
take effect in Islamabad amid demands for alternatives
• Different NGOs are involved at small scale for solid waste
collection, and recycling.
 REFERENCE

• Pakistan expands ban on plastic bags as inspectors are caught in shop

spat – The Guardian - Shah Meer Baloch in Islamabad Fri 23 Aug
2019 13.54 BST
• Guideline for Solid Waste Management, Solid Waste Management in
Pakistan By Pakistan Environmental Protection Agency - June 2005
• Solid Waste Management in Pakistan By Rachael Lew | April 8, 2019
• Sustainable Solid Waste Management by Jonathan W. C. Wong; Rao Y.
Surampalli;Tian C. Zhang; Rajeshwari D.Tyagi; and Ammaiyappan Selvam
• http://environment.gov.pk/pro_pdf/positionpaper/brief- swm-
%20pak.pdf
• www2.fiu.edu/~srimal/pollution/solid%20waste.ppt
• http://epd.punjab.gov.pk/solid_waste