NAMES- ARYAN AND

HARSH
T
CLASS- 9 BH

PROJECT NAME-
SOLAR SYSTEM
Our solar system
Planet Mass Period Distance
of from the
rotation sun
Mercury 3.3022 x 1023 175.940 days 57.91 million
km
Venus 4.8685 x 1024 - 116.75 days 108.2 million
km
Earth 5.9736 x 1024 24 hr 149.6 million
km
Mars 6.4185 x 1023 24 hr 39 min 227.9 million
km
Jupiter 1.8986 x 1027 9 hr 55 min 778.5 million
km
Saturn 5.6846 x 1026 10 hr 32 min 1.429 billion k
m
Uranus 8.6810 x 1025 - 17 hr 14 min 2.871 billion k
m
Neptune 10.243 x 1025 16 hr 6.6 min 4.498 billion
km
 MERCURY
Mercury is the smallest and
innermost planet in the Solar
System. Its orbital period around
the Sun of 88 days is the shortest of
all the planets in the Solar System.
It is named after the Roman
deity Mercury, the messenger to the
gods. ... An observer
on Mercury would therefore see
only one day every two years. wo
spacecraft have visited
Mercury: Mariner 10 flew by in 1974
and 1975; and MESSENGER, launched
in 2004, orbited Mercury over 4,000
times in four years before exhausting
its fuel and crashing into the planet's
surface on April 30, 2015.[17][18][19]
VENUS
Venus is the second planet from
the Sun, orbiting it every
224.7 Earth days.[12] It has the
longest rotation period (243 days) of
any planet in the Solar System and
rotates in the opposite direction to
most other planets. It has no natural
satellites. It is named after
the Roman goddess of love and
beauty. It is the second-brightest
natural object in the night sky after
the Moon, reaching an apparent
magnitude of −4.6 – bright enough
to cast shadows at night and, rarely,
visible to the naked eye in broad
daylight.[13][14] Orbiting within Earth's
orbit, Venus is an inferior planet and
never appears to venture far from
the Sun; its maximum angular
distance from the Sun (elongation)
is 47.8°.
EARTH
Earth is the third planet from
the Sun and the only object in
the Universe known to harbor life.
According to radiometric dating and
other sources of evidence, Earth
formed over 4 billion years
ago.[24][25][26] Earth's gravity interacts
with other objects in space,
especially the Sun and the Moon,
Earth's only natural satellite. Earth
revolves around the Sun in 365.26
days, a period known as an
Earth year. During this time,
Earth rotates about its axis about
366.26 times.[n 5] Over 7.4 billion
humans live on Earth and depend on
its biosphere and natural resources for
their survival. Humans have developed
diverse societies and cultures;
politically, the world has about 200
sovereign states.
 MARS
Mars is the fourth planet from
the Sun and the second-smallest planet
in the Solar System after Mercury. In
English, Mars carries a name of
the Roman god of war, and is often
referred to as the “Red
Planet”[13][14] because the reddish iron
oxide prevalent on its surface gives it
a reddish appearance that is distinctive
among the astronomical bodies visible
to the naked eye.[15] Mars is planet with
a thin atmosphere, having surface
features reminiscent both of the impact
craters of the Moon and the valleys,
deserts, and polar ice caps of Earth.
Mars can easily be seen from Earth with
the naked eye, as can its reddish
coloring. Optical ground-based
telescopes are typically limited to
resolving features about 300 kilometers
(190 mi) across when Earth and Mars are
closest because of Earth's atmosphere
ASTEROID BELT
The asteroid belt is the circumstellar
disc in the Solar System located
roughly between the orbits of
the planets Mars and Jupiter. It is
occupied by numerous irregularly
shaped bodies
called asteroids or minor planets. The
asteroid belt is also termed the main
asteroid belt or main belt to distinguish
it from other asteroid populations in
the Solar System such as near-Earth
asteroids and trojan asteroids.[1] About
half the mass of the belt is contained
in the four largest
asteroids: Ceres, Vesta, Pallas,
and Hygiea.[1] The total mass of the
asteroid belt is approximately 4% that
of the Moon, or 22% that of Pluto, and
roughly twice that of Pluto's
moon Charon
JUPITER
Jupiter is the fifth planet from
the Sun and the largest in the Solar
System. It is a giant planet with
a mass one-thousandth that of the
Sun, but two and a half times that of
all the other planets in the Solar
System combined. Jupiter
and Saturn are gas giants; the other
two giant
planets, Uranus and Neptune are ice
giants. Jupiter has been known to
astronomers since
antiquity.[11] The Romans named it
after their god Jupiter.[12] When
viewed from Earth, Jupiter can reach
an apparent magnitude of −2.94, bright
enough for its reflected light to cast
shadows,[13] and making it on average
the third-brightest object in the night
sky after the Moon and Venus.
SATURN
Saturn is the sixth planet from
the Sun and the second-largest in
the Solar System, after Jupiter. It
is a gas giant with an average
radius about nine times that
of Earth.[10][11] It has only one-
eighth the average density of
Earth, but with its larger volume
Saturn is over 95 times more
massive.[12][13][14] Saturn is named
after the Roman god of
agriculture; its astronomical
symbol (♄) represents the
god's sickle. This does not include
the hundreds of moonlets in the
rings. Titan, Saturn's largest moon,
and the second-largest in the Solar
System, is larger than the
planet Mercury, although less
massive, and is the only moon in
the Solar System to have a
substantial atmosphere.
URANUS
Uranus is the seventh planet from
the Sun. It has the third-largest
planetary radius and fourth-largest
planetary mass in the Solar System.
Uranus is similar in composition
to Neptune, and both have different
bulk chemical composition from that
of the larger gas
giants Jupiter and Saturn. For this
reason, scientists often classify
Uranus and Neptune as "ice giants"
to distinguish them from the gas
giants. Uranus's atmosphere is
similar to Jupiter's and Saturn's in its
primary composition of
hydrogen and helium, but it contains
more "ices" such as water, ammonia,
and methane, along with traces of
other hydrocarbons.[12] It is the
coldest planetary atmosphere in the
Solar System, with a minimum
temperature of 49 K .
NEPTUNE
Neptune is the eighth and
farthest known planet from
the Sun in the Solar System. In
the Solar System, it is the
fourth-largest planet by
diameter, the third-most-
massive planet, and the
densest giant planet. Neptune
is 17 times the mass of
Earth and is slightly more
massive than its near-
twin Uranus, which is 15 times
the mass of Earth and slightly
larger than Neptune.[d] Neptune
orbits the Sun once every
164.8 years at an average
distance of 30.1 astronomical
units(4.50×109 km). It is named
after the Roman god of the
sea and has the astronomical
symbol ♆, a stylised version of
the god Neptune's trident.
 DWARFS PLANETS IN
OUR SOLAR SYSTEM
A dwarf planet is a planetary-mass
object that is neither a planet nor
a natural satellite. That is, it is in direct
orbit of a star, and is massive enough
for its gravity to crush it into
a hydrostatically equilibrious shape
(usually a spheroid), but has
not cleared the neighborhood of other
material around its orbit.[1]
The term dwarf planet was adopted in
2006 as part of a three-way
categorization of bodies orbiting the
Sun,[1]brought about by an increase in
discoveries of objects farther away
from the Sun than Neptune that
rivaled Pluto in size, and finally
precipitated by the discovery of an
even more massive object, Eris.
PLUTO-DWARF PLANET
Pluto (minor-planet designation: 134340
Pluto) is a dwarf planet in the Kuiper
belt, a ring of bodies beyond Neptune. It
was the first Kuiper belt object to be
discovered.
Pluto was discovered by Clyde
Tombaugh in 1930 and was originally
considered to be the ninth planet from
the Sun. After 1992, its status as
a planet was questioned following the
discovery of several objects of similar
size in the Kuiper belt. In 2005,Eris, a
dwarf planet in the scattered disc which
is 27% more massive than Pluto, was
discovered. This led the International
Astronomical Union (IAU) to define the
term "planet" formally in 2006, during
their 26th General Assembly. That
definition excluded Pluto and
reclassified it as a dwarf planet.
CERES-DWARF PLANET
Ceres (/ˈsɪəriːz/;[19] minor-planet
designation: 1 Ceres) is the largest
object in the asteroid belt that lies
between the orbits ofMars and Jupiter.
Its diameter is approximately 945
kilometers (587 miles),[6] making it the
largest of the minor planets within
the orbit of Neptune. The 33rd-largest
known body in the Solar System, it is
the only dwarf planet within the orbit of
Neptune.[c][20] Composed of rock and
ice, Ceres is estimated to compose
approximately one third of the mass of
the entire asteroid belt. Ceres is the
only object in the asteroid belt known to
be rounded by its own gravity (though
detailed analysis was required to
exclude 4 Vesta).